Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, College of Health Science, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Jun 14;23(1):1148. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15969-1.
BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activities reduce mortality risk. However, little is known about the joint associations of the two activity types and whether other type of physical activity, such as flexibility activity, can provide similar mortality risk reduction. OBJECTIVES: We examined the independent associations of aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and flexibility physical activities with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a population-based prospective cohort of Korean men and women. We also examined the joint associations of aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities, the two physical activity types that are recommended by the current World Health Organization physical activity guidelines. DESIGN: This analysis included 34,379 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2013 participants (aged 20-79 years) with mortality data linkage through December 31, 2019. Engagement in walking, aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and flexibility physical activities was self-reported at baseline. Cox proportional hazards model was performed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Flexibility physical activity (≥ 5 vs. 0 d/wk) was inversely associated with all-cause (HR [95% CI] = 0.80 [0.70-0.92]; P-trend < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (0.75 [0.55-1.03], P-trend = 0.02). Moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity (≥ 50.0 vs. 0 MET-h/wk) was also associated with lower all-cause (HR [95% CI] = 0.82 [0.70-0.95]; P-trend < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (0.55 [0.37-0.80]; P-trend < 0.001). Similar inverse associations were observed with total aerobic physical activity, including walking. Muscle-strengthening activity (≥ 5 vs. 0 d/wk) was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (HR [95% CI] = 0.83 [0.68-1.02]; P-trend = 0.01) but was not associated with cancer or cardiovascular mortality. Compared to participants meeting the highest guidelines for both moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activities, those not meeting in any guideline were associated with higher all-cause (1.34 [1.09-1.64]) and cardiovascular mortality (1.68 [1.00-2.82]). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and flexibility activities are associated with lower risk of mortality.
背景：研究表明，有氧运动和肌肉强化运动可降低死亡率。然而，人们对这两种运动类型的联合作用知之甚少，也不知道其他类型的运动，如柔韧性运动，是否能提供类似的降低死亡率的效果。
目的：我们在一项基于韩国人群的前瞻性队列研究中，调查了有氧运动、肌肉强化运动和柔韧性运动与全因和特定原因死亡率的独立关联。我们还研究了有氧运动和肌肉强化运动的联合作用，这两种运动类型是目前世界卫生组织体力活动指南所推荐的。
设计：本分析纳入了 34379 名 20-79 岁的韩国国家健康与营养调查 2007-2013 参与者（有死亡数据链接，截至 2019 年 12 月 31 日）。在基线时，参与者自我报告了散步、有氧运动、肌肉强化运动和柔韧性运动的参与情况。使用 Cox 比例风险模型估计风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI），并调整了潜在混杂因素。
结果：柔韧性运动（≥5 天/周与 0 天/周）与全因死亡率（HR[95%CI]：0.80[0.70-0.92]；P<0.001）和心血管死亡率（0.75[0.55-1.03]，P 趋势=0.02）呈负相关。中等到剧烈强度的有氧运动（≥50.0MET-h/周与 0MET-h/周）也与全因死亡率（HR[95%CI]：0.82[0.70-0.95]；P<0.001）和心血管死亡率（0.55[0.37-0.80]；P<0.001）呈负相关。同样，与总有氧运动（包括散步）相关的全因死亡率和心血管死亡率也呈负相关。肌肉强化运动（≥5 天/周与 0 天/周）与全因死亡率（HR[95%CI]：0.83[0.68-1.02]；P 趋势=0.01）呈负相关，但与癌症或心血管死亡率无关。与同时满足中等到剧烈强度有氧运动和肌肉强化运动最高指南的参与者相比，任何指南都不满足的参与者的全因死亡率（1.34[1.09-1.64]）和心血管死亡率（1.68[1.00-2.82]）更高。
结论：我们的数据表明，有氧运动、肌肉强化运动和柔韧性运动与较低的死亡率风险相关。
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