College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P.O.BOX 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Avenue St. Paul, MN, Minneapolis, MN, 55108, USA.
BMC Vet Res. 2020 Feb 21;16(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02288-5.
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an infectious viral disease of cattle caused by a Capripoxvirus. LSD has substantial economic implications, with infection resulting in permanent damage to the skin of affected animals which lowers their commercial value. In Uganda, LSD is endemic and cases of the disease are frequently reported to government authorities. This study was undertaken to molecularly characterize lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) strains that have been circulating in Uganda between 2017 and 2018. Secondly, the study aimed to determine the phylogenetic relatedness of Ugandan LSDV sequences with published sequences, available in GenBank.
A total of 7 blood samples and 16 skin nodule biopsies were screened for LSDV using PCR to confirm presence of LSDV nucleic acids. PCR positive samples were then characterised by amplifying the GPCR gene. These amplified genes were sequenced and phylogenetic trees were constructed. Out of the 23 samples analysed, 15 were positive for LSDV by PCR (65.2%). The LSDV GPCR sequences analysed contained the unique signatures of LSDV (A11, T12, T34, S99, and P199) which further confirmed their identity. Sequence comparison with vaccine strains revealed a 12 bp deletion unique to Ugandan outbreak strains. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the LSDV sequences from this study clustered closely with sequences from neighboring East African countries and with LSDV strains from recent outbreaks in Europe. It was noted that the sequence diversity amongst LSDV strains from Africa was higher than diversity from Eurasia.
The LSDV strains circulating in Uganda were closely related with sequences from neighboring African countries and from Eurasia. Comparison of the GPCR gene showed that outbreak strains differed from vaccine strains. This information is necessary to understand LSDV molecular epidemiology and to contribute knowledge towards the development of control strategies by the Government of Uganda.
块状皮肤病（LSD）是一种由山羊痘病毒引起的牛传染性病毒病。LSD 对经济有重大影响，感染会导致受感染动物的皮肤永久性损伤，从而降低其商业价值。在乌干达，块状皮肤病是地方性疾病，经常向政府当局报告该病病例。本研究旨在对 2017 年至 2018 年在乌干达流行的块状皮肤病病毒（LSDV）株进行分子特征分析。其次，该研究旨在确定乌干达 LSDV 序列与 GenBank 中公布的序列的系统发育关系。
总共对 7 份血液样本和 16 份皮肤结节活检进行了 LSDV 的 PCR 筛选，以确认 LSDV 核酸的存在。然后对 PCR 阳性样本进行 GPCR 基因扩增。对这些扩增基因进行测序并构建系统发育树。在所分析的 23 个样本中，15 个通过 PCR 对 LSDV 呈阳性（65.2%）。分析的 LSDV GPCR 序列包含 LSDV 的独特特征（A11、T12、T34、S99 和 P199），进一步证实了它们的身份。与疫苗株的序列比较显示，乌干达暴发株具有独特的 12bp 缺失。系统发育分析表明，本研究中的 LSDV 序列与来自邻近东非国家的序列以及来自欧洲最近暴发的 LSDV 株聚类密切。值得注意的是，非洲 LSDV 株之间的序列多样性高于欧亚大陆的多样性。
在乌干达流行的 LSDV 株与来自邻近非洲国家和欧亚大陆的序列密切相关。GPCR 基因的比较表明，暴发株与疫苗株不同。这些信息对于了解 LSDV 分子流行病学并为乌干达政府制定控制策略提供知识非常必要。
