Bayyappa Manjunatha Reddy Gundallahalli, Pyatla Manoj Kumar Goud, Pabbineedi Sai Mounica, Gunturu Narasimha Tanuj, Peela Sai Manohar, Nagaraj Sudeep, Tadakod Sunil, Gandham Ravi Kumar, Gulati Baldev Raj
Capripoxvirus Lab, Veterinary Pathology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Animal Biotechnology Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Jun 4;15:1575538. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1575538. eCollection 2025.
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV), an emerging pathogen from the genus, continues to challenge global livestock health with its expanding host range and genetic adaptability.
In this study, we report the first isolation and whole genome sequencing of LSDV from Bos frontalis, a semi-domesticated bovine species native to Northeast India, along with the assembly of an isolate from cattle.
Time to the Most Recent Common Ancestor (TMRCA) estimates support a relatively recent common origin for Indian strains, pointing to ongoing virus circulation and regional adaptation. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the whole genome and G protein-coupled chemokine receptor (GPCR) gene further demonstrated the clustering of global strains, emphasizing the virus's transboundary movement and genomic diversity. To strengthen phylogenetic inference, we identified shared SNPs, synonymous and non-synonymous mutations across the genome with a total of 2212 variants. Haplotype network and mutation pattern analyses across global genomes further highlighted the conservative evolution of Indian isolates within a distinct haplogroup.
Several mutation events between haplogroups highlight the virus's continuous genetic diversification, which correlates with known patterns of spread.
结节性皮肤病病毒（LSDV）是该属的一种新兴病原体，其不断扩大的宿主范围和遗传适应性持续对全球牲畜健康构成挑战。
在本研究中，我们报告了首次从原产于印度东北部的半驯化牛种大额牛中分离出LSDV并进行全基因组测序，同时还对一株牛源分离株进行了组装。
最近共同祖先时间（TMRCA）估计支持印度毒株有相对较近的共同起源，表明病毒正在持续传播和区域适应性进化。全基因组和G蛋白偶联趋化因子受体（GPCR）基因的最大似然系统发育树进一步证明了全球毒株的聚类，强调了病毒的跨界传播和基因组多样性。为加强系统发育推断，我们在全基因组中鉴定出共享的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）、同义突变和非同义突变，共有2212个变异。全球基因组的单倍型网络和突变模式分析进一步突出了印度分离株在一个独特单倍群内的保守进化。
单倍群之间的几个突变事件突出了病毒持续的基因多样化，这与已知的传播模式相关。
