Demes Joseph Adrien Emmanuel, Nickerson Nathan, Farand Lambert, Montekio Victor Becerril, Torres Pilar, Dube Jean Geto, Coq Jean Gracia, Pomey Marie-Pascale, Champagne François, Jasmin Ernst Robert
School of Medicine and Pharmacy (UEH), Haiti; School of Public Health, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
Konbit Sante, USA.
Eval Program Plann. 2020 Feb 14;80:101795. doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2020.101795.
Quality improvement in Healthcare is the new fashion actually. Rich countries and developing countries alike are trying to implement quality improvement initiatives to improve their performance and the quality of care. There is evidence in the scientific literature that the existence of a "champion" can play an important role in the successful implementation of quality improvement strategies. Most of the time, people get stuck at the implementation level: they know what to do but they fail to execute it in the organizational setting. That's where a champion can be useful to facilitate the success of the change. There is a paucity of research on the link between the champion and the implementation of quality improvement programs. The aim of the study was to investigate the perceptions of stakeholders about the characteristics and qualities of the champion that could facilitate the successful implementation of quality improvement programs in health care settings in Haiti.
Twenty semi-structured individual interviews and one small group discussion (n = 4) with providers, administrators, directors, and NGO representatives were conducted during a six months period. The total sample size was twenty-four (n = 24). The methods were informed by grounded theory and the data were analyzed using the constant comparative method and thematic content analysis approach.
The analysis resulted in eleven themes describing the characteristics and qualities of a successful champion: Communication and persuasion, proactivity, humility, horizontal and collective leadership style, sense of responsibility and accountability, go-ahead type, empathy, dedication and motivation, ability to inspire and motivate people, have a vision, and encourage learning.
It is important to support and encourage champions in the health care systems in developing countries to master and exhibit those qualities and characteristics in order to lead a team for the successful implementation of quality improvement initiatives in the health facilities. More research is needed to understand how to better articulate those qualities in the context of the Haitian health care system.
医疗保健领域的质量改进实际上是当下的新潮流。无论是富国还是发展中国家，都在努力实施质量改进举措，以提升其医疗表现和护理质量。科学文献中有证据表明，“倡导者”的存在对于质量改进策略的成功实施可发挥重要作用。大多数时候，人们在实施层面陷入困境：他们知道该做什么，但在组织环境中却未能执行。这正是倡导者能够助力变革成功之处。关于倡导者与质量改进项目实施之间联系的研究较少。本研究的目的是调查利益相关者对倡导者的特征和品质的看法，这些特征和品质有助于在海地的医疗环境中成功实施质量改进项目。
在六个月的时间里，对提供者、管理人员、主任和非政府组织代表进行了20次半结构化个人访谈和1次小组讨论（n = 4）。总样本量为24人（n = 24）。研究方法以扎根理论为依据，数据采用持续比较法和主题内容分析法进行分析。
分析得出了11个主题，描述了成功倡导者的特征和品质：沟通与说服能力、积极主动、谦逊、横向和集体领导风格、责任感和问责制、进取型、同理心、奉献精神和动力、激励他人的能力、有愿景以及鼓励学习。
在发展中国家的医疗系统中，支持和鼓励倡导者掌握并展现这些品质和特征非常重要，以便带领团队在医疗机构中成功实施质量改进举措。需要更多研究来了解如何在海地医疗系统的背景下更好地阐述这些品质。
