Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Health Educ Behav. 2020 Apr;47(2):224-234. doi: 10.1177/1090198119880545. Epub 2020 Feb 24.
. By defining what is "normal," appropriate, expected, and unacceptable, social norms shape human behavior. However, the individual-level mechanisms through which social norms impact population-level trends in health-relevant behaviors are not well understood. . To test the ability of social norms mechanisms to predict changes in population-level drinking patterns. . An individual-level model was developed to simulate dynamic normative mechanisms and behavioral rules underlying drinking behavior over time. The model encompassed descriptive and injunctive drinking norms and their impact on frequency and quantity of alcohol use. A microsynthesis initialized in 1979 was used as a demographically representative synthetic U.S. population. Three experiments were performed in order to test the modelled normative mechanisms. Results. Overall, the experiments showed limited influence of normative interventions on population-level alcohol use. An increase in the desire to drink led to the most meaningful changes in the population's drinking behavior. The findings of the experiments underline the importance of autonomy, that is, the degree to which an individual is susceptible to normative influence. . The model was able to predict theoretically plausible changes in drinking patterns at the population level through the impact of social mechanisms. Future applications of the model could be used to plan norms interventions pertaining to alcohol use as well as other health behaviors.
. 通过定义什么是“正常”、适当的、期望的和不可接受的，可以塑造社会规范来影响与健康相关的行为在人口层面的趋势。然而，社会规范影响人口层面健康相关行为趋势的个体层面机制尚不清楚。. 为了检验社会规范机制在预测人口层面饮酒模式变化方面的能力。. 开发了一个个体层面的模型来模拟随时间推移饮酒行为的动态规范机制和行为规则。该模型包含描述性和指令性饮酒规范及其对酒精使用频率和数量的影响。1979 年进行的微观综合被用作具有代表性的美国综合人口。进行了三项实验来检验模型化的规范机制。结果。总体而言，实验表明规范干预对人口层面的酒精使用影响有限。对饮酒的渴望增加导致人口饮酒行为发生了最有意义的变化。实验结果强调了自主性的重要性，即个体易受规范影响的程度。. 该模型能够通过社会机制的影响预测人口层面饮酒模式的理论上合理的变化。该模型的未来应用可以用于规划与酒精使用以及其他健康行为相关的规范干预措施。
