精神分裂症患者的生活质量及其与精神症状和社会人口学特征的关系：一项基于医院的横断面研究。
Quality of life and its association with psychiatric symptoms and socio-demographic characteristics among people with schizophrenia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2020 Feb 24;15(2):e0229514. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229514. eCollection 2020.
OBJECTIVES
To identify sociodemographic and illness-related factors associated with quality of life among people with Schizophrenia.
METHODS
A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 351 people with schizophrenia and attending the followup service at Jimma University Medical Center, psychiatric clinic during the study period. Participants were recruited using a systematic random sampling method and a sample fraction of two was used after the first person was identified by a lottery method. Data entry was done using EpiData version 3.1 and then exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 for analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the statistically significant association between quality of life and independent variables.
RESULTS
Among the four domains of quality of life, respondents scored the lowest mean in the social relationships domain (10.14 ± 3.12). Final adjusted multiple regression model revealed, being divorced was negatively associated with the physical domain (β = -0.72, p = 0.02), having no formal education was negatively associated with physical health domain (β = -0.69, p = 0.001) and age was positively associated with the psychological domain (β = 0.371, p = 0.071). Being rural resident was negatively associated with physical domain (β = -0.48, p = 0.01), with environmental domain (β = -0.64, p = 0.03), with social relationships domain (β = -0.45, p = 0.04), and with overall quality of life (β = -1.93, p = 0.006). Positive symptoms (β = -0.22, p = 0.001), negative symptoms (β = -0.36, p = 0.001), and general psychopathology (β = -0.098, p = 0.006) were inversely associated with overall quality of life.
CONCLUSION
In this study, the social relationship domain of quality of life among people with schizophrenia has the lowest mean score. Some socio-demographic variables and psychiatric symptoms were found to be key significant associated factors of quality of life. Priority interventions to improve the social deficits and addressing psychiatric symptoms of people with schizophrenia is essential to improve their quality of life.
目的
确定与精神分裂症患者生活质量相关的社会人口学和疾病相关因素。
方法
在研究期间，采用基于医院的横断面研究设计，对在 Jimma 大学医疗中心精神病诊所接受随访服务的 351 名精神分裂症患者进行研究。采用系统随机抽样方法招募参与者，在前一个人通过抽签法确定后，使用样本分数为二分之一。数据输入使用 EpiData 版本 3.1，然后导出到统计软件包 25 进行分析。多回归分析用于确定生活质量与自变量之间的统计学显著关联。
结果
在生活质量的四个领域中，受访者在社会关系领域的得分最低（10.14±3.12）。最终调整后的多回归模型显示，离婚与身体领域呈负相关（β=-0.72，p=0.02），没有正规教育与身体健康领域呈负相关（β=-0.69，p=0.001），年龄与心理领域呈正相关（β=0.371，p=0.071）。农村居民与身体领域（β=-0.48，p=0.01）、环境领域（β=-0.64，p=0.03）、社会关系领域（β=-0.45，p=0.04）和总体生活质量（β=-1.93，p=0.006）呈负相关。阳性症状（β=-0.22，p=0.001）、阴性症状（β=-0.36，p=0.001）和一般精神病学症状（β=-0.098，p=0.006）与总体生活质量呈负相关。
结论
在这项研究中，精神分裂症患者的生活质量社会关系领域的平均得分最低。一些社会人口学变量和精神症状被发现是生活质量的关键显著相关因素。优先干预改善精神分裂症患者的社会缺陷和解决精神症状对提高他们的生活质量至关重要。
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