Departamento de Deportes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 20;17(4):1365. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17041365.
The sport overrepresentation of early-born athletes within a selection year is called relative age effect (RAE). Moreover, gender performance differences depend on the sport. The main objectives of the study were to compare performances between gender and RAE in precision shooting events.
The results of 704 shooters who participated in the most recent World Shooting Championship were compared. Performance was analysed by event (rifle and pistol), gender and category (junior and senior), together with RAE and six ranges of ranking positions.
The results of the study indicated that men scored higher than women in pistol events and that no performance differences were found in rifle events when the whole group was compared. According to the birth trimester, no significant differences were found in the participant's distribution, nor in performance in any case.
The main conclusions of the study are: (1) the men's pistol performance is better than the women's even though RAE is not associated to the shooting score in any case; (2) men and women performed equally in the general analysis, but their performances were different depending on category and event with no RAE influence.
在选拔年度中，早期出生的运动员在某项运动中表现出色的现象被称为相对年龄效应（RAE）。此外，性别表现差异取决于运动项目。本研究的主要目的是比较精确射击项目中性别和 RAE 之间的表现差异。
比较了最近一届世界射击锦标赛中 704 名射手的成绩。通过事件（步枪和手枪）、性别和类别（青少年和成人）以及 RAE 和六个排名位置范围来分析表现。
研究结果表明，男子在手枪项目中的得分高于女子，而在整个组别中比较时，步枪项目中没有发现表现差异。根据出生季度，在任何情况下，参与者的分布或表现都没有显著差异。
研究的主要结论是：（1）尽管 RAE 在任何情况下都与射击成绩无关，但男子的手枪表现优于女子；（2）在总体分析中，男性和女性的表现相当，但根据类别和项目的不同，他们的表现有所不同，不受 RAE 影响。
