Bastien M, Vaniscotte A, Combes B, Umhang G, Raton V, Germain E, Villena I, Aubert D, Boué F, Poulle M-L
University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR Cap Santé, EA 7510 ESCAPE, 51092 Reims cedex, France.
University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CERFE, 08240 Boult-aux-Bois, France.
Food Waterborne Parasitol. 2018 Dec 29;14:e00034. doi: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2018.e00034. eCollection 2019 Mar.
Preventing foodborne pathogen contamination of raw fruit and vegetables in the field is critically important for public health. Specifically, it involves preventing faecal deposit by wildlife or domestic animals in fields of crops and kitchen gardens. The present study aims to identify the drivers of fox, dog and cat faecal deposits in kitchen gardens in order to mitigate the risk of contamination of raw produce with parasites shed in carnivore faeces. The focus was on , ranked highest in the importance of foodborne parasites in Europe, but attention was also paid to other parasites of major concern - and spp. During the winters of 2014 to 2016, faecal samples were collected from 192 kitchen gardens located in north-eastern France. From these samples, 77% contained scat of carnivores. Molecular analyses revealed that 59% of the 1016 faeces collected were from cats, 31% from foxes, and 10% from dogs. The ease of accessibility to kitchen gardens, the presence of food in the vicinity, and the composition of the surrounding vegetation were used to explain the distribution of fox and cat faeces. Generalized Linear Mixed Effects modelling showed that: i) fencing was not efficient in reducing cat faecal deposits, but drastically decreases those of foxes; ii) the abundance of sp. indicates a reason for the presence of both fox and cat faecal deposits, iii) the abundance of , the proximity of fruit trees or farms and the predominance of forest and grassland around the village are all drivers of fox faecal deposits. These results point to the importance of fencing around kitchen gardens located in endemic areas, particularly those surrounded by forest and grassland or close to fruit trees or farms.
预防田间生鲜水果和蔬菜被食源性病原体污染对公众健康至关重要。具体而言，这涉及防止野生动物或家畜在农作物田和菜园中排泄粪便。本研究旨在确定菜园中狐狸、狗和猫粪便沉积的驱动因素，以降低生鲜农产品被食肉动物粪便中所携带寄生虫污染的风险。重点关注的是[此处缺失具体寄生虫名称]，其在欧洲食源寄生虫重要性方面排名最高，但也关注了其他主要的相关寄生虫——[此处缺失具体寄生虫名称]和[此处缺失具体寄生虫名称]属。在2014年至2016年冬季，从法国东北部的192个菜园收集了粪便样本。在这些样本中，77%含有食肉动物的粪便。分子分析显示，所收集的1016份粪便中，59%来自猫，31%来自狐狸，10%来自狗。菜园的易接近程度、附近食物的存在以及周围植被的组成被用来解释狐狸和猫粪便的分布情况。广义线性混合效应模型显示：i) 围栏在减少猫粪便沉积方面效率不高，但能大幅减少狐狸的粪便沉积；ii) [此处缺失具体植物名称]属植物的丰富程度表明了狐狸和猫粪便沉积存在的一个原因；iii) [此处缺失具体植物名称]的丰富程度、果树或农场的 proximity（此处可能有误，推测为“ximity”应是“proximity”，意为“接近”）以及村庄周围森林和草地的占主导地位都是狐狸粪便沉积的驱动因素。这些结果表明，在[此处缺失具体寄生虫名称]流行地区的菜园周围设置围栏很重要，特别是那些被森林和草地包围或靠近果树或农场的菜园。
