Program in Occupational Therapy.
Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, and.
Blood Adv. 2020 Feb 25;4(4):755-761. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000084.
We previously identified gender disparities in academic success during evaluation of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) Clinical Research Training Institute (CRTI) and hypothesized that it may be related to caregiving. The objective was to evaluate the impact of gender and caregiving responsibilities on academic success. A cross-sectional survey that included a question about caregiving responsibilities was distributed to alumni who participated in CRTI from 2003 to 2016 and asked about academic productivity in the previous 3 years. Publications and grants were abstracted from submitted curriculum vitae. Academic success was defined as number of first- or senior-author publications, total publications, grants, and percent effort in research. Of 280 potential respondents, 258 responded (92% response rate), 169 (66%) had caregiving responsibilities, and 110 (43%) were men. Respondents with caregiving responsibilities had fewer first- or senior-author publications (median, 3 vs 5; P = .003) and less percent effort in research (median, 40% vs 50%; P = .006). Men had more first- or senior-author publications (median, 4 vs 3; P = .002) and more total publications (median, 12 vs 6.5; P = .0002) than women. When stratified by those without (P = .0001) or with (P = .042) caregiving responsibilities, men had more publications than women. Among men, caregiving responsibilities significantly reduced all outcomes. However, among women, caregiving did not have an impact. In conclusion, men had more publications than women whether or not they had caregiving responsibilities. However, among men, caregiving reduced academic productivity whereas among women, caregiving did not have impact. The scientific community will need to continue to identify the reasons for disparities and implement changes to address them.
我们之前在评估美国血液学会（ASH）临床研究培训学院（CRTI）的学术成功时发现了性别差异，并假设这可能与照顾责任有关。目的是评估性别和照顾责任对学术成功的影响。我们向 2003 年至 2016 年参加 CRTI 的校友发放了一份包含照顾责任问题的横断面调查，并询问他们在过去 3 年中的学术产出情况。从提交的简历中提取出版物和资助。学术成功定义为第一作者或资深作者发表论文数量、总发表论文数量、资助和研究工作投入比例。在 280 名潜在受访者中，有 258 名（92%的回应率）做出了回应，其中 169 名（66%）有照顾责任，110 名（43%）是男性。有照顾责任的受访者发表的第一作者或资深作者论文较少（中位数分别为 3 篇和 5 篇；P =.003），研究工作投入比例较低（中位数分别为 40%和 50%；P =.006）。男性发表的第一作者或资深作者论文较多（中位数分别为 4 篇和 3 篇；P =.002），总发表论文也较多（中位数分别为 12 篇和 6.5 篇；P =.0002）。按无（P =.0001）或有（P =.042）照顾责任分层，男性的出版物均多于女性。对于男性来说，照顾责任显著降低了所有结果。然而，对于女性来说，照顾并没有产生影响。总之，无论是否有照顾责任，男性的出版物都多于女性。然而，对于男性来说，照顾会降低学术产出，而对于女性来说，照顾不会产生影响。科学界需要继续确定造成差异的原因，并采取措施加以解决。
