Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, GGZ Oost Brabant, P.O. Box 3, 5427 ZG Boekel, The Netherland.
Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Rotterdam, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 21;17(4):1380. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17041380.
Depressive disorders are highly prevalent during adolescence and they are a major concern for individuals and society. The Response Style Theory and the Scar Theory both suggest a relationship between response styles and depressive symptoms, but the theories differ in the order of the development of depressive symptoms. Longitudinal reciprocal prospective relationships between depressive symptoms and response styles were examined in a community sample of 1343 adolescents. Additionally, response style was constructed with the traditional approach, which involves examining three response styles separately without considering the possible relations between them, and with the ratio approach, which accounts for all three response styles simultaneously. No reciprocal relationships between depressive symptoms and response style were found over time. Only longitudinal relationships between response style and depressive symptoms were significant. This study found that only depressive symptoms predicted response style, whereas the response style did not emerge as an important underlying mechanism responsible for developing and maintaining depressive symptoms in adolescents. These findings imply that prevention and intervention programs for adolescents with low depressive symptoms should not focus on adaptive and maladaptive response style strategies to decrease depressive symptoms, but should focus more on behavioral interventions.
抑郁障碍在青少年中高发，是个人和社会的一大关注点。反应风格理论和创伤理论都表明反应风格和抑郁症状之间存在关系，但这两个理论在抑郁症状发展的顺序上有所不同。本研究采用传统方法和比率方法构建反应风格，在一个 1343 名青少年的社区样本中，考察了抑郁症状和反应风格之间的纵向互惠前瞻性关系。传统方法是分别单独考察三种反应风格，不考虑它们之间的可能关系；比率方法则同时考虑三种反应风格。结果发现，反应风格和抑郁症状之间没有随时间变化的互惠关系，只有反应风格和抑郁症状之间存在纵向关系。研究发现，只有抑郁症状能预测反应风格，而反应风格并不是导致青少年发展和维持抑郁症状的重要潜在机制。这些发现表明，对于抑郁症状较低的青少年，预防和干预计划不应侧重于采用适应性和非适应性的反应风格策略来降低抑郁症状，而应更侧重于行为干预。
