Fried Lise E, Williams Sandra, Cabral Howard, Hacker Karen
Institute for Community Health, Cambridge, MA, USA.
J Sch Nurs. 2013 Apr;29(2):113-22. doi: 10.1177/1059840512461010. Epub 2012 Sep 24.
The purpose of the study is to assess the relationship between timing of adolescent development and risk factors for suicide. Nationally representative data from the Add Health survey were used. The relationship of sociodemographic characteristics, known risk factors, and physical developmental timing and cognitive developmental style to suicide attempt was assessed. Depression was a risk factor for suicide attempts in both 9th and 11th grade. Other risk factors differed. Use of illegal drugs, homosexual orientation, using public assistance, and physical development were the important risk factors for ninth graders. For 11th graders, sexual abuse, being in counseling, and being of "other" race or ethnicity (mainly Asian or Native American) were risk factors. The cognitive development variable of using a systematic problem-solving method was protective for 11th graders. Recognizing that risk factors for adolescent suicide attempts change over time and with developmental timing of puberty is an important factor for suicide prevention strategies.
该研究的目的是评估青少年发育时间与自杀风险因素之间的关系。使用了来自“青少年健康纵向研究”（Add Health）调查的具有全国代表性的数据。评估了社会人口学特征、已知风险因素、身体发育时间和认知发展方式与自杀未遂之间的关系。抑郁在九年级和十一年级都是自杀未遂的风险因素。其他风险因素则有所不同。使用非法药物、同性恋取向、接受公共援助和身体发育是九年级学生的重要风险因素。对于十一年级学生来说，性虐待、接受心理咨询以及属于“其他”种族或族裔（主要是亚洲人或美洲原住民）是风险因素。使用系统解决问题方法这一认知发展变量对十一年级学生具有保护作用。认识到青少年自杀未遂的风险因素会随着时间以及青春期发育时间而变化，这是自杀预防策略的一个重要因素。
