Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata city, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Niigata Seiryo University, 1-5939, Suidocho, Chuo-ku Niigata 951-8121, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 21;17(4):1398. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17041398.
Poor sleep is associated with lifestyle, however, few studies have addressed the association between sleep quality and the neighborhood environment. This study aimed to investigate the associations between living environment factors and sleep quality in older people. Participants were community-dwelling people aged ≥65 years who participated in the 2010 Japanese Gerontological Evaluation Study. The data of 16,650 people (8102 men, 8548 women) were analyzed. Sleep quality (good or poor) was evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire. Multilevel Poisson regression analysis stratified by depressive status (measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 [GDS]) was conducted with sleep quality as the dependent variable and social and physical environmental factors as explanatory variables. The 12,469 non-depressive respondents and 4181 depressive respondents were evaluated. The regression analysis indicated that non-depressive participants slept better if they lived in environments with few hills or steps (prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.56-0.9) and with places where they felt free to drop in (PR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.26-0.98). For depressive participants, these associations were not evident. Living alone, poor self-rated health, low income, and unemployment were associated with poor sleep quality. In addition to support with these individual factors, improving environmental factors at the neighborhood level may improve the sleep quality of community-dwelling older adults.
睡眠质量差与生活方式有关，但很少有研究探讨睡眠质量与邻里环境之间的关系。本研究旨在调查老年人生活环境因素与睡眠质量之间的关系。参与者为参加 2010 年日本老年评估研究的社区居住者，年龄≥65 岁。分析了 16650 人的数据（8102 名男性，8548 名女性）。睡眠质量（好或差）通过自我管理问卷进行评估。使用多水平泊松回归分析，按抑郁状态（由老年抑郁量表-15[GDS]测量）分层，以睡眠质量为因变量，以社会和物理环境因素为解释变量。对 12469 名非抑郁应答者和 4181 名抑郁应答者进行了评估。回归分析表明，如果非抑郁参与者居住在丘陵或台阶较少的环境中（患病率比[PR]=0.75，95%CI：0.56-0.9）和他们感到自由进入的地方（PR=0.51，95%CI：0.26-0.98），他们的睡眠质量会更好。对于抑郁参与者，这些关联并不明显。独居、自我评估健康状况差、收入低和失业与睡眠质量差有关。除了对这些个体因素的支持外，改善邻里环境的环境因素可能会改善社区居住的老年人的睡眠质量。
