Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Box 269, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 21;21(4):1472. doi: 10.3390/ijms21041472.
Chemokine receptors such as C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) are activated through interaction with their ligands and are well known for their role in chemotaxis and signal transduction. While serving these roles, cellular responses are effected, hence the immune function of these molecules is established. Given the role of CCR5 in immune function and that the immune and metabolic systems are interlinked, subsequent immune-directed changes should be measurable at a metabolic level. Numerous investigations have reported on metabolic changes associated with CCR5 status in the presence of disease, so as to understand whether specific CCR5 genotypes, frequency and/or levels offer protection to the host or not. However, these metabolic changes were recorded using older conventional techniques. Depending on certain factors such as the disease model, the geography of the samples and/or the ethnic group under study, the role of CCR5 in disease differs. In addition, little is known about CCR5's role in the absence of an enhanced inflammatory state, such as when infection persists. Metabolomics is defined as the study of metabolites and informs on metabolic changes within living organisms as induced by various stimuli, such as the interaction of CCR5 with its ligand. Since metabolomics reflects the underlying biochemical activity and state of cells/tissues, this review proposes it as a tool to clarify the contrasting roles of CCR5.
趋化因子受体，如 C-C 趋化因子受体 5（CCR5），通过与其配体相互作用而被激活，其在趋化作用和信号转导中的作用是众所周知的。在发挥这些作用的同时，会产生细胞反应，因此这些分子的免疫功能得以确立。鉴于 CCR5 在免疫功能中的作用，以及免疫系统和代谢系统是相互关联的，随后的免疫定向变化应该可以在代谢水平上测量到。许多研究报告了 CCR5 状态与疾病存在时相关的代谢变化，以了解特定的 CCR5 基因型、频率和/或水平是否为宿主提供保护。然而，这些代谢变化是使用较旧的常规技术记录的。取决于疾病模型、样本的地理位置和/或研究的种族群体等因素，CCR5 在疾病中的作用也不同。此外，人们对 CCR5 在没有增强的炎症状态下的作用知之甚少，例如感染持续存在时。代谢组学被定义为对代谢物的研究，并告知生物体在各种刺激下（如 CCR5 与其配体的相互作用）的代谢变化。由于代谢组学反映了细胞/组织的潜在生化活性和状态，因此本综述提出将其作为阐明 CCR5 对比作用的工具。
