埃塞俄比亚南部加莫戈法地区中学女教师的乳房自我检查实践及相关因素
Breast Self-Examination Practice and Associated Factors Among Secondary School Female Teachers in Gammo Gofa Zone, Southern, Ethiopia.
作者信息
Mekuria Mesele, Nigusse Aderajew, Tadele Afework
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Arba Minch College of Health Science, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Population and Family Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press). 2020 Jan 29;12:1-10. doi: 10.2147/BCTT.S232021. eCollection 2020.
INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, breast self-examination (BSE) is a breast cancer screening method that identifies breast mass by the woman herself. However, it is not widely practiced due to various problems. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of BSE practice and associated factors among female secondary school teachers in Gammo Gofa Zone, South Ethiopia.
METHODS
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 247 female secondary school teachers, from March 1 to 30, 2018. Participants were selected using the lottery method. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were cleaned, coded, and entered into Epi data manager 4.4 and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Binary logistic regression was employed.
RESULTS
Of 82 respondents, 34.3% had ever performed BSE. Among these, only 32 (13.4%) had practiced BSE monthly (regularly). Being knowledgeable on BSE [AOR=2.84, 95% CI (1.41, 5.72)], ever heard about BSE [AOR=2.26, 95% CI (1.07, 4.77)], being married [AOR=4.09, 95% CI (1.64, 10.22)], having less perceived barrier to BSE [AOR=2.62, 95% CI (1.26, 5.46)], having high perceived confidence [AOR=3.63, 95% CI (1.79, 7.39)] and motivation to BSE [AOR=3.29, 95% CI (1.15, 9.45)] were significant predictors of BSE practice.
CONCLUSION
In this study, one in three women had ever practiced BSE, whereas about one in seven women regularly practiced BSE. The main reasons for not practicing BSE were: not knowing how to perform BSE and forgetfulness (for regular practice). Therefore, integrated work on behavioral change communication and interferences that focus on improving knowledge of BSE, and skills on how to perform BSE is needed. Additionally, the identified domains of the health belief model (perceived barrier, perceived confidence, and perceived motivation) may be the most effective strategies that should be considered by Gammo Gofa Zonal health and educational offices.
引言
如今，乳房自我检查（BSE）是一种由女性自身识别乳房肿块的乳腺癌筛查方法。然而，由于各种问题，它并未得到广泛应用。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚南部加莫戈法地区女中学教师进行乳房自我检查的情况及相关因素。
方法
2018年3月1日至30日，在247名女中学教师中开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用抽签法选取参与者。使用自填式问卷收集数据。数据进行清理、编码后录入Epi数据管理器4.4，并使用SPSS 21版进行分析。采用二元逻辑回归分析。
结果
在82名受访者中，34.3%的人曾进行过乳房自我检查。其中，只有32人（13.4%）每月（定期）进行乳房自我检查。了解乳房自我检查知识[AOR = 2.84，95%置信区间（1.41，5.72）]、曾听说过乳房自我检查[AOR = 2.26，95%置信区间（1.07，4.77）]、已婚[AOR = 4.09，95%置信区间（1.64，10.22）]、对乳房自我检查的感知障碍较小[AOR = 2.62，95%置信区间（1.26，5.46）]、有较高的感知信心[AOR = 3.63，95%置信区间（1.79，7.39）]以及进行乳房自我检查的动机[AOR = 3.29，95%置信区间（1.15，9.45）]是乳房自我检查行为的显著预测因素。
结论
在本研究中，三分之一的女性曾进行过乳房自我检查，而约七分之一的女性定期进行乳房自我检查。不进行乳房自我检查的主要原因是：不知道如何进行乳房自我检查以及遗忘（定期检查时）。因此，需要开展综合的行为改变沟通和干预工作，重点是提高对乳房自我检查的认识以及如何进行乳房自我检查的技能。此外，健康信念模型中确定的领域（感知障碍、感知信心和感知动机）可能是加莫戈法地区卫生和教育部门应考虑的最有效策略。
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