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基于体素的蒙特卡罗光线传输的建模，具有弯曲和倾斜的边界表面。

Modeling voxel-based Monte Carlo light transport with curved and oblique boundary surfaces.

机构信息

Northeastern Univ., United States.

Univ. of Washington, United States.

出版信息

J Biomed Opt. 2020 Feb;25(2):1-13. doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.25.2.025001.

DOI:10.1117/1.JBO.25.2.025001
PMID:32100491
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7040455/
Abstract

SIGNIFICANCE

Monte Carlo (MC) light transport simulations are most often performed in regularly spaced three-dimensional voxels, a type of data representation that naturally struggles to represent boundary surfaces with curvature and oblique angles. Not accounting properly for such boundaries with an index of refractivity, mismatches can lead to important inaccuracies, not only in the calculated angles of reflection and transmission but also in the amount of light that transmits through or reflects from these mismatched boundary surfaces.

AIM

A new MC light transport algorithm is introduced to deal with curvature and oblique angles of incidence when simulated photons encounter mismatched boundary surfaces.

APPROACH

The core of the proposed algorithm applies the efficient preprocessing step of calculating a gradient map of the mismatched boundaries, a smoothing step on this calculated 3D vector field to remove surface roughness due to discretization and an interpolation scheme to improve the handling of curvature.

RESULTS

Through simulations of light hitting the side of a sphere and going through a lens, the agreement of this approach with analytical solutions is shown to be strong.

CONCLUSIONS

The MC method introduced here has the advantage of requiring only slight implementation changes from the current state-of-the-art to accurately simulate mismatched boundaries and readily exploit the acceleration of general-purpose graphics processing units. A code implementation, mcxyzn, is made available and maintained at https://omlc.org/software/mc/mcxyzn/.

摘要

意义

蒙特卡罗（MC）光传输模拟最常以规则间隔的三维体素进行，这种数据表示形式自然难以表示具有曲率和倾斜角度的边界表面。如果不正确地考虑具有折射指数的此类边界，则不匹配会导致重要的不准确性，不仅在计算的反射和透射角度中，而且在通过或从这些不匹配的边界表面反射的光量中。

目的

引入了一种新的 MC 光传输算法，以处理模拟光子遇到不匹配的边界表面时的曲率和倾斜入射角。

方法

所提出的算法的核心是应用计算不匹配边界梯度图的有效预处理步骤，对该计算的 3D 矢量场进行平滑步骤以消除由于离散化引起的表面粗糙度，以及一种插值方案以提高对曲率的处理能力。

结果

通过模拟光撞击球体侧面并穿过透镜，该方法与解析解的一致性表明非常强。

结论

这里介绍的 MC 方法的优点是只需要对当前最先进的方法进行微小的实现更改，即可准确模拟不匹配的边界，并轻松利用通用图形处理单元的加速。一个名为 mcxyzn 的代码实现可在 https://omlc.org/software/mc/mcxyzn/ 上获得并维护。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/df7a2b7df141/JBO-025-025001-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/6bb8b867ee94/JBO-025-025001-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/5c3abdf2e710/JBO-025-025001-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/c8de58f8a705/JBO-025-025001-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/3ddda72942c2/JBO-025-025001-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/df7a2b7df141/JBO-025-025001-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/6bb8b867ee94/JBO-025-025001-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/5c3abdf2e710/JBO-025-025001-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/c8de58f8a705/JBO-025-025001-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/3ddda72942c2/JBO-025-025001-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a400/7040455/df7a2b7df141/JBO-025-025001-g005.jpg

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