de Bree Remco, Wessel Irene
Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020 Apr;28(2):112-117. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000609.
Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is increasingly used in different settings in head and neck cancer patients when conventional treatment options are not available.
Recent improvements of electroporation and ECT include new advanced electrode probes, the combination with intratumorally injected supraphysiological doses of calcium and an update of the standard operating procedures.
ECT is a treatment modality that combines administration of a chemotherapeutic drug, for example, bleomycin, with electroporation therapy (EPT). EPT uses brief, high-intensity, pulsed electrical currents to enhance the uptake of cytotoxic drugs by producing a transient increase in cell wall permeability. ECT increases the effect of cytostatic drugs, is independent on histology of the lesion, enables treatment to previously treated areas, preserves healthy tissue, has no significant side effects (low-dose chemotherapy) and enables repeated treatments. ECT can be combined with other treatment modalities and is an addition to the current treatment options of head and neck cancer. ECT is not only able to palliate symptoms but can also provide complete responses and curation.
当常规治疗方案不可行时，电化学疗法（ECT）在头颈癌患者的不同治疗场景中使用得越来越多。
近期电穿孔和ECT的改进包括新型先进电极探头、与瘤内注射超生理剂量钙的联合应用以及标准操作程序的更新。
ECT是一种将化疗药物（如博来霉素）的给药与电穿孔疗法（EPT）相结合的治疗方式。EPT使用短暂、高强度的脉冲电流，通过使细胞壁通透性短暂增加来增强细胞毒性药物的摄取。ECT增强了细胞生长抑制药物的效果，不依赖于病变的组织学类型，能够对先前治疗过的区域进行治疗，保护健康组织，无明显副作用（低剂量化疗）且可重复治疗。ECT可与其他治疗方式联合使用，是头颈癌当前治疗方案的补充。ECT不仅能够缓解症状，还能实现完全缓解和治愈。
