Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Menopause. 2020 Mar;27(3):371-373. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001506.
Depression, with or without concomitant anxiety, is one of the most burdensome medical conditions worldwide. Depression affects women more often than men and may cause significant impairment. Reproductive phase-related windows of vulnerability for depression (new or recurrent) have been recognized, including the menopause transition. Midlife depression is likely influenced by both menopause- and nonmenopause-related factors. Antidepressants and cognitive behavioral therapy remain first-line treatment options for moderate to severe major depressive disorder at any time, with proven efficacy and tolerability in midlife women. Transdermal estradiol can also be part of the treatment armamentarium, but its use as a prophylaxis against midlife depressive symptoms, although promising, warrants further investigation.
抑郁症，无论是否伴有焦虑，是全球最具负担的医学疾病之一。抑郁症女性患病率高于男性，且可能导致显著的功能障碍。目前已经认识到，抑郁症（新发或复发）具有与生殖相关的易损期，包括围绝经期。围绝经期和绝经后相关因素都可能影响中年期抑郁症。在任何时候，对于中重度抑郁障碍，抗抑郁药和认知行为疗法仍然是一线治疗选择，在中年女性中具有疗效和耐受性。经皮雌二醇也可以作为治疗手段的一部分，但作为预防中年期抑郁症状的手段，尽管有希望，但仍需要进一步研究。
