Lopez-Santamarina Aroa, Miranda Jose Manuel, Mondragon Alicia Del Carmen, Lamas Alexandre, Cardelle-Cobas Alejandra, Franco Carlos Manuel, Cepeda Alberto
Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
Molecules. 2020 Feb 24;25(4):1004. doi: 10.3390/molecules25041004.
Human gut microbiota plays an important role in several metabolic processes and human diseases. Various dietary factors, including complex carbohydrates, such as polysaccharides, provide abundant nutrients and substrates for microbial metabolism in the gut, affecting the members and their functionality. Nowadays, the main sources of complex carbohydrates destined for human consumption are terrestrial plants. However, fresh water is an increasingly scarce commodity and world agricultural productivity is in a persistent decline, thus demanding the exploration of other sources of complex carbohydrates. As an interesting option, marine seaweeds show rapid growth and do not require arable land, fresh water or fertilizers. The present review offers an objective perspective of the current knowledge surrounding the impacts of seaweeds and their derived polysaccharides on the human microbiome and the profound need for more in-depth investigations into this topic. Animal experiments and in vitro colonic-simulating trials investigating the effects of seaweed ingestion on human gut microbiota are discussed.
人类肠道微生物群在多种代谢过程和人类疾病中发挥着重要作用。各种饮食因素，包括复杂碳水化合物，如多糖，为肠道中的微生物代谢提供了丰富的营养和底物，影响着微生物成员及其功能。如今，供人类食用的复杂碳水化合物的主要来源是陆生植物。然而，淡水是一种日益稀缺的资源，世界农业生产力持续下降，因此需要探索其他复杂碳水化合物来源。作为一个有趣的选择，海洋藻类生长迅速，不需要耕地、淡水或肥料。本综述客观地介绍了目前有关海藻及其衍生多糖对人类微生物组影响的知识，以及对该主题进行更深入研究的迫切需求。文中讨论了研究摄入海藻对人类肠道微生物群影响的动物实验和体外结肠模拟试验。
