Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Geriatrics, the Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
Int J Cancer. 2020 Sep 15;147(6):1577-1586. doi: 10.1002/ijc.32939. Epub 2020 Mar 7.
Epidemiological studies on magnesium intake and primary liver cancer (PLC) are scarce, and no prospective studies have examined the associations of magnesium intake with PLC incidence and mortality. We sought to clarify whether higher magnesium intake from diet and supplements was associated with lower risks of PLC incidence and mortality in the US population. Magnesium intake from diet and supplements was evaluated through a food frequency questionnaire in a cohort of 104,025 participants. Cox regression was employed to calculate hazard ratios for PLC incidence and competing risk regression was employed to calculate subdistribution hazard ratios for PLC mortality. Restricted cubic spline regression was employed to test nonlinearity. We documented 116 PLC cases during 1,193,513.5 person-years of follow-up and 100 PLC deaths during 1,198,021.3 person-years of follow-up. Total (diet + supplements) magnesium intake was found to be inversely associated with risks of PLC incidence (hazard ratio : 0.44; 95% confidence interval: 0.24, 0.80; p = 0.0065) and mortality (subdistribution hazard ratio : 0.37; 95% confidence interval: 0.19, 0.71; p = 0.0008). Similar results were obtained for dietary magnesium intake. Nonlinear inverse dose-response associations with PLC incidence and mortality were observed for both total and dietary magnesium intakes (all p < 0.05). In summary, in the US population, a high magnesium intake is associated with decreased risks of PLC incidence and mortality in a nonlinear dose-response manner. These findings support that increasing the consumption of foods rich in magnesium may be beneficial in reducing PLC incidence and mortality.
镁摄入量与原发性肝癌（PLC）的流行病学研究较少，也没有前瞻性研究检查镁摄入量与 PLC 发病率和死亡率之间的关系。我们旨在阐明美国人群中饮食和补充剂中的镁摄入量较高是否与 PLC 发病率和死亡率降低相关。通过对 104025 名参与者的食物频率问卷评估饮食和补充剂中的镁摄入量。使用 Cox 回归计算 PLC 发病率的风险比，使用竞争风险回归计算 PLC 死亡率的亚分布风险比。使用限制三次样条回归检验非线性。在 1193513.5 人年的随访期间记录了 116 例 PLC 病例，在 1198021.3 人年的随访期间记录了 100 例 PLC 死亡。发现总（饮食+补充剂）镁摄入量与 PLC 发病率（风险比：0.44；95%置信区间：0.24，0.80；p=0.0065）和死亡率（亚分布风险比：0.37；95%置信区间：0.19，0.71；p=0.0008）呈负相关。饮食中镁摄入量也得出了类似的结果。对于总镁和饮食镁摄入量，均观察到与 PLC 发病率和死亡率呈非线性反比剂量反应关系（所有 p ＜0.05）。总之，在美国人群中，高镁摄入量与 PLC 发病率和死亡率呈非线性剂量反应关系降低相关。这些发现支持增加富含镁的食物的消费可能有益于降低 PLC 的发病率和死亡率。
