Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18071, Granada, Spain.
Dig Dis Sci. 2021 Jan;66(1):105-113. doi: 10.1007/s10620-020-06144-2. Epub 2020 Feb 27.
The accidental ingestion of the third larval stage of Anisakis can cause acute clinical symptoms, which are relieved via extraction of the larvae. Although this is a highly effective technique, it can only be practiced when the larvae are found in accessible areas of the gastrointestinal tract, and therefore instead the condition has often been treated using various different drugs.
This study evaluates the effectiveness of gastric acid secretion inhibitors (omeprazole and ranitidine), gastric mucosal protectants (sucralfate) and anthelmintics (mebendazole and flubendazole) in treating anisakiasis in Wistar rats.
Rats were infected with Anisakis-type I larvae and administered the drugs via a gastric probe. Data were recorded regarding the number of live and dead larvae, their location both within the animal and in its feces, and the presence of gastrointestinal lesions. Additionally, gastric pH was measured and histology performed.
While rats in all experimental groups exhibited lesions; those treated with ranitidine and mebendazole showed significantly fewer lesions (50% and 35% of rats exhibited lesions, respectively). Histological examination of the gastric lesions revealed infection-induced changes, but no significant differences were observed between the treated and untreated rats.
Mebendazole was found to be most efficacious in preventing gastrointestinal lesions, followed by ranitidine, which was the most effective antacid of those studied. Both these drugs could thus be considered as part of the conservative management of anisakiasis.
第三期幼虫的异尖线虫若意外被吞食，可能会引发急性临床症状，通过将幼虫取出即可缓解。尽管这是一种非常有效的技术，但只有在幼虫位于消化道可及部位时才能实施，因此，这种情况通常还是使用各种不同的药物来治疗。
本研究旨在评估胃酸分泌抑制剂（奥美拉唑和雷尼替丁）、胃黏膜保护剂（硫糖铝）和驱虫药（甲苯达唑和氟苯达唑）治疗 Wistar 大鼠异尖线虫病的效果。
将大鼠感染异尖线虫 I 期幼虫，并通过胃探针对其施用药物。记录活虫和死虫的数量、其在动物体内和粪便中的位置以及胃肠道损伤的存在情况。此外，还测量了胃 pH 值并进行了组织学检查。
尽管所有实验组大鼠均出现了损伤，但接受雷尼替丁和甲苯达唑治疗的大鼠损伤明显更少（分别有 50%和 35%的大鼠出现损伤）。对胃损伤的组织学检查显示出感染诱导的变化，但治疗组和未治疗组之间未观察到显著差异。
甲苯达唑在预防胃肠道损伤方面最有效，其次是雷尼替丁，它是研究中最有效的抗酸剂。因此，这两种药物都可以被认为是异尖线虫病保守治疗的一部分。
