Avila Emiliana Claro, Finger-Jardim Fabiana, Gonçalves Carla Vitola, da Hora Vanusa Pousada, Soares Marcelo Alves, Martínez Ana Maria Barral de
Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil.
Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2020 Jan;42(1):5-11. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1700794. Epub 2020 Feb 27.
Estimate the prevalence of human herpesvirus type 1 HSV-1 DNA in placental samples, its incidence in umbilical cord blood of newborns and the associated risk factors.
Placental biopsies and umbilical cord blood were analyzed, totaling 480 samples, from asymptomatic parturients and their newborns at a University Hospital. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gene sequencing were used to identify the virus; odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR) were performed to compare risk factors associated with this condition.
The prevalence of HSV-1 DNA in placental samples was 37.5%, and the incidence in cord blood was 27.5%. Hematogenous transplacental route was identified in 61.4% from HSV-1 samples of umbilical cord blood paired with the placental tissue. No evidence of the virus was observed in the remaining 38.6% of placental tissues, suggesting an ascendant infection from the genital tract, without replication in the placental tissue, resulting in intra-amniotic infection and vertical transmission, seen by the virus in the cord blood. The lack of condom use increased the risk of finding HSV-1 in the placenta and umbilical cord blood.
The occurrence of HSV-1 DNA in the placenta and in cord blood found suggests vertical transmission from asymptomatic pregnant women to the fetus.
评估胎盘样本中1型人疱疹病毒（HSV-1）DNA的流行率、新生儿脐带血中该病毒的发生率及其相关危险因素。
对一家大学医院480份来自无症状产妇及其新生儿的胎盘活检样本和脐带血样本进行分析。采用巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）和基因测序鉴定病毒；通过比值比（OR）和相对危险度（RR）比较与该疾病相关的危险因素。
胎盘样本中HSV-1 DNA的流行率为37.5%，脐带血中的发生率为27.5%。在与胎盘组织配对的脐带血HSV-1样本中，61.4%的样本通过血行胎盘途径感染。其余38.6%的胎盘组织未发现病毒迹象，提示病毒从生殖道上行感染，未在胎盘组织中复制，导致羊膜腔内感染和垂直传播，在脐带血中检测到该病毒。未使用避孕套会增加在胎盘和脐带血中发现HSV-1的风险。
胎盘和脐带血中发现HSV-1 DNA表明无症状孕妇会将病毒垂直传播给胎儿。
