青少年同时存在犯罪行为和抑郁症状：他们的犯罪行为后果是更好还是更差？
Youth with Co-occurring Delinquency and Depressive Symptoms: Do They Have Better or Worse Delinquent Outcomes?
机构信息
College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, 112 S. Copeland Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
Department of Criminal Justice, University of Louisville, 2301 South Third Street, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
出版信息
J Youth Adolesc. 2020 Jun;49(6):1260-1276. doi: 10.1007/s10964-020-01213-1. Epub 2020 Feb 27.
Delinquent youth often experience depression, but depression's impact on their future deviance is unclear. Using survey and social network data on a panel of 9th graders (N = 8701; M at baseline = 15.6; 48% male; 85% white; 18% eligible for free or reduced-price school lunch) followed throughout high school, this study tested whether depressive symptoms predicted later deviance or deviant peer affiliations among already delinquent youth. A latent class analysis revealed that 4% of respondents showed above-average levels of delinquency but not depressive symptoms, and 3% were above average on both. Compared to the delinquent-only group, the delinquent-depressed group went on to have less deviant friends, and to engage in less deviance themselves. However, peer deviance was not a reliable explanation for the reductions in respondents' own future deviance. Depressive symptoms thus may play a protective role against continued delinquency and substance use among youth who are already delinquent, but it is not because they reduce deviant peer affiliations.
问题青年常常会感到抑郁，但抑郁对他们未来行为越轨的影响尚不明确。本研究使用了一项针对 9 年级学生（N=8701；基线时的平均年龄为 15.6；48%为男性；85%为白人；18%符合免费或减价校餐条件）的调查和社交网络数据，对他们整个高中阶段进行了跟踪调查，以检验抑郁症状是否会预测之后已经行为越轨的青年的行为越轨或结交不良同伴。潜在类别分析显示，4%的受访者表现出高于平均水平的犯罪行为，但没有抑郁症状，3%的受访者在这两方面都高于平均水平。与仅犯罪的群体相比，同时犯罪和抑郁的群体后来结交的不良朋友较少，自身的行为越轨也较少。然而，同伴的行为越轨并不能可靠地解释受访者自身未来行为越轨的减少。因此，抑郁症状可能在已经行为越轨的青年中起到了防止继续犯罪和滥用药物的保护作用，但这并不是因为他们减少了结交不良同伴。
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