Suh Susie, Pham Christine, Smith Janellen, Mesinkovska Natasha A
Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Int J Dermatol. 2020 Sep;59(9):1033-1042. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14824. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
Recent evidence of high systemic absorption of sunscreen ingredients has raised concerns regarding the safety of sunscreen products. Oxybenzone (BP-3) and octinoxate (OMC), two common sunscreen ingredients, were recently banned in Key West and Hawaii owing to their toxic effects on marine ecosystems. Their impact on human health requires a careful assessment. To summarize the current evidence on the association between the systemic level of BP-3 or OMC and its health impact, a primary literature search was conducted using PubMed database in February 2019. There are 29 studies that address the impact of these ingredients on human health. Studies show that elevated systemic level of BP-3 has no adverse effect on male and female fertility, female reproductive hormone level, adiposity, fetal growth, child's neurodevelopment, and sexual maturation. However, the association of BP-3 level on thyroid hormone, testosterone level, kidney function, and pubertal timing has been reported and prompts further investigations to validate a true association. The systemic absorption of OMC has no reported effect on thyroid and reproductive hormone levels. In conclusion, current evidence is not sufficient to support the causal relationship between the elevated systemic level of BP-3 or OMC and adverse health outcomes. There are either contradictory findings among different studies or an insufficient number of studies to corroborate the observed association. To accurately evaluate the long-term risk of exposure to BP-3 and OMC from sunscreen, a well-designed longitudinal randomized controlled trial needs to be conducted.
近期有证据表明防晒成分在体内的吸收程度很高，这引发了人们对防晒产品安全性的担忧。氧苯酮（BP - 3）和桂皮酸盐（OMC）是两种常见的防晒成分，最近在基韦斯特和夏威夷被禁止使用，因为它们对海洋生态系统有毒害作用。它们对人类健康的影响需要仔细评估。为了总结目前关于BP - 3或OMC的体内水平与其健康影响之间关联的证据，于2019年2月使用PubMed数据库进行了一次文献检索。有29项研究探讨了这些成分对人类健康的影响。研究表明，BP - 3体内水平升高对男性和女性的生育能力、女性生殖激素水平、肥胖、胎儿生长、儿童神经发育和性成熟没有不良影响。然而，已有报道称BP - 3水平与甲状腺激素、睾酮水平、肾功能和青春期时间有关，这促使进一步开展研究以验证是否存在真正的关联。目前尚无报道称OMC的体内吸收对甲状腺和生殖激素水平有影响。总之，目前的证据不足以支持BP - 3或OMC体内水平升高与不良健康结果之间存在因果关系。不同研究之间要么存在相互矛盾的结果，要么研究数量不足，无法证实所观察到的关联。为了准确评估通过防晒产品接触BP - 3和OMC的长期风险，需要进行精心设计的纵向随机对照试验。
