Cardiovascular Research Institute.
Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2020 Jul;63(1):15-24. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0447TR.
Recent research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has provided new insights into pathogenesis and potential therapeutic options for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). EVs are membrane-bound anuclear structures that carry important intercellular communication mechanisms, allowing targeted transfer of diverse biologic cargo, including protein, mRNA, and microRNA, among several different cell types. In this review, we discuss the important role EVs play in both inducing and attenuating inflammatory lung injury in ARDS as well as in sepsis, the most important clinical cause of ARDS. We discuss the translational challenges that need to be overcome before EVs can also be used as prognostic biomarkers in patients with ARDS and sepsis. We also consider how EVs may provide a platform for novel therapeutics in ARDS.
近期有关细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 的研究为急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS) 的发病机制和潜在治疗选择提供了新的见解。EVs 是带膜的无核结构,携带重要的细胞间通讯机制,允许在几种不同类型的细胞之间靶向转移各种生物货物,包括蛋白质、mRNA 和 microRNA。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了 EVs 在 ARDS 中诱导和减轻炎症性肺损伤以及在败血症(ARDS 的最重要临床病因)中所起的重要作用。我们讨论了在 EVs 也可用作 ARDS 和败血症患者的预后生物标志物之前需要克服的转化挑战。我们还考虑了 EVs 如何为 ARDS 的新型治疗提供平台。