National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Asian J Psychiatr. 2020 Apr;50:101937. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.101937. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
Intact decision-making skills in the social context are essential for optimal functioning in the community. Despite its significance, social decision making in schizophrenia (SCZ) has not been adequately examined. Hence, we examined social decision making in SCZ using the Ultimatum Game(UG), a neuroeconomic paradigm that involves financial transactions between a proposer and a responder to split a sum of money between them. Thirty male patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia as per DSM-IV (age = 30 ± 7.08) and thirty age-matched healthy male volunteers (HV;age = 28.48 ± 3.74) participated in the study. All participants functioned as responders and had to either accept or reject offers made by an anonymous proposer. We also examined whether the gender or emotional expression of the proposer influenced acceptance rates. SCZ had significantly lower acceptance rates than HV for slightly unequal offers (t = 3.94, p = < 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference between SCZ and HV for other offers. Gender and emotional expression of the proposer did not significantly influence the outcome. These results suggest aberrant social decision making and increased inequity aversion in patients with SCZ. The difficulty in incorporating social components while engaging in financial interactions could have important implications for rehabilitation, functional recovery, and successful community living in SCZ.
在社交情境中保持完整的决策能力对于在社区中最佳发挥功能至关重要。尽管社交决策在精神分裂症（SCZ）中的作用非常重要，但目前对其研究还不够充分。因此，我们使用最后通牒博弈（UG）来研究 SCZ 中的社交决策，这是一种神经经济学范式，涉及提议者和响应者之间的金融交易，以在他们之间分配一定金额。30 名男性精神分裂症患者（DSM-IV 诊断；年龄=30±7.08）和 30 名年龄匹配的健康男性志愿者（HV；年龄=28.48±3.74）参与了研究。所有参与者都作为响应者，必须接受或拒绝匿名提议者提出的提议。我们还检查了提议者的性别或情绪表达是否会影响接受率。对于略微不平等的提议，SCZ 的接受率明显低于 HV（t=3.94，p<0.0001）。然而，对于其他提议，SCZ 和 HV 之间没有显著差异。提议者的性别和情绪表达并没有显著影响结果。这些结果表明，SCZ 患者的社交决策存在异常，对不公平的厌恶程度增加。在进行金融互动时融入社交成分的困难可能对 SCZ 的康复、功能恢复和成功的社区生活具有重要意义。
