菲律宾埃博拉莱斯顿病毒在人类中的风险评估。
Risk assessment of Ebola Reston virus in humans in the Philippines.
作者信息
Peñas Johnette A, Miranda Mary Elizabeth, de Los Reyes Vikki Carr, Sucaldito Ma Nemia L, Magpantay Rio L
机构信息
Department of Health, Philippines.
出版信息
Western Pac Surveill Response J. 2019 Jul 5;10(3):1-8. doi: 10.5365/wpsar.2017.3.004. eCollection 2019 Jul-Sep.
OBJECTIVE
There have been five documented outbreaks of Ebola Reston virus (RESTV) in animals epidemiologically linked to the Philippines. This assessment was conducted to determine the risk of RESTV occurring in humans in the Philippines and its potential pathogenicity in humans.
METHODS
The World Health Organization l was used for the assessment. A literature review was done and a risk assessment matrix was used for the risk characterization of the outbreaks in the Philippines. The risk assessment was conducted by the Philippines Field Epidemiology Training Program.
RESULTS
The risk of RESTV occurring in humans in the Philippines and its potential pathogenicity in humans were both assessed as moderate. Animals involved in RESTV outbreaks in the Philippines were non-human primates and domestic pigs. The presence of RESTV in pigs poses a possibility of genetic evolution of the virus. Although RESTV has been identified in humans, there was no death or illness attributed to the infection. The Philippines Inter-agency Committee on Zoonoses oversees collaboration between the animal and human health sectors for the prevention and control of zoonoses. However, there is no surveillance of risk animals or previously affected farms to monitor and facilitate early identification of cases.
DISCUSSION
The moderate risk of RESTV recurring among humans in the Philippines and its potential pathogenicity in humans reinforces the need for early detection, surveillance and continued studies of RESTV pathogenesis and its health consequences. The One Health approach, with the involvement and coordination of public health, veterinary services and the community, is essential in the detection, control and management of zoonosis.
目的
有记录表明，在菲律宾发生了五起与动物相关的埃博拉莱斯顿病毒（RESTV）疫情，这些疫情在流行病学上相互关联。本次评估旨在确定RESTV在菲律宾人群中出现的风险及其对人类的潜在致病性。
方法
本次评估采用了世界卫生组织的方法。进行了文献综述，并使用风险评估矩阵对菲律宾的疫情进行风险特征描述。风险评估由菲律宾现场流行病学培训项目开展。
结果
RESTV在菲律宾人群中出现的风险及其对人类的潜在致病性均被评估为中等。菲律宾RESTV疫情中涉及的动物为非人灵长类动物和家猪。猪体内存在RESTV可能导致病毒发生基因进化。虽然在人类中已检测到RESTV，但尚无因感染该病毒导致死亡或患病的报告。菲律宾人畜共患病跨部门委员会负责监督动物卫生和人类卫生部门在人畜共患病预防和控制方面的合作。然而，目前没有对风险动物或既往受影响农场进行监测，以监测并促进病例的早期发现。
讨论
RESTV在菲律宾人群中再次出现的中等风险及其对人类的潜在致病性，凸显了对RESTV发病机制及其健康后果进行早期检测、监测和持续研究的必要性。采用“同一健康”方法，让公共卫生、兽医服务部门和社区参与并进行协调，对于人畜共患病的检测、控制和管理至关重要。
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