The National Alliance to Advance Adolescent Health, Washington, DC.
The National Alliance to Advance Adolescent Health, Washington, DC.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020 Apr;59(4):501-503. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.09.028. Epub 2019 Dec 18.
For several decades, national surveys and reports have well documented the serious, growing, and unmet need for mental and behavioral health services among children, adolescents, and young adults (C/A/YA) in the United States. Moreover, shortages and maldistribution of child and adolescent psychiatrists have been repeatedly reported. This scarcity is especially concerning given that in 2017, an estimated 44% of child and adolescent psychiatrists were age 55 and older. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) and other mental and behavioral health organizations have consistently advocated for substantially expanding the child and adolescent psychiatry workforce through loan relief and other mental and behavioral health workforce programs serving C/A/YA. Despite this, national projections of the future child and adolescent psychiatry workforce, produced by the federal Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) for the first time in 2018, estimated an oversupply of child and adolescent psychiatrists in the United States by 2030. Moreover, these projections also found a surplus of school counselors, social workers, and psychiatric nurse practitioners, all of whom play a role in serving C/A/YA with mental and behavioral health conditions..
几十年来，美国的全国性调查和报告充分记录了儿童、青少年和青年（C/A/YA）在精神和行为健康服务方面存在的严重、不断增长且未得到满足的需求。此外，儿童和青少年精神科医生的短缺和分布不均也一再被报道。鉴于 2017 年估计有 44%的儿童和青少年精神科医生年龄在 55 岁及以上，这种稀缺性尤其令人担忧。美国儿童和青少年精神病学会（AACAP）和其他精神和行为健康组织一直主张通过贷款减免和其他针对 C/A/YA 的精神和行为健康工作者计划，大幅扩大儿童和青少年精神病学工作者队伍。尽管如此，联邦卫生资源和服务管理局（HRSA）首次在 2018 年对未来的儿童和青少年精神病学工作者进行了全国性预测，预计到 2030 年，美国的儿童和青少年精神科医生将供过于求。此外，这些预测还发现学校辅导员、社会工作者和精神科执业护士的过剩，所有这些人都在为患有精神和行为健康问题的 C/A/YA 提供服务方面发挥了作用。
