Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, 641043, Tamil Nadu, India.
Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, India.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2020 Mar 1;25(6):1058-1109. doi: 10.2741/4847.
Genetic and epigenetic modifications in DNA contribute to altered gene expression in aging and cancer. In human cancers, epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, micro RNAs and nucleosome remodelling all control gene expression. The link between the genetics and epigenetics in cancer is further shown by existence of aberrant metabolism and biochemical pathways in cancer or mutation in genes that are epigenetic players. Reversal of these epigenetic changes has been clearly shown to have therapeutic value in various forms of lymphoma and preleukemia and similar results are appearing for the treatment of solid tumors. In this review, we discuss the functional effects of epigenetic changes inducible by hypoxia, the epigenetic alterations in cancer and how they contribute to tumor progression and their relevance to epigenetic therapy.
DNA 的遗传和表观遗传修饰导致衰老和癌症中基因表达的改变。在人类癌症中，表观遗传变化，如 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰、microRNAs 和核小体重塑，都可以控制基因表达。癌症中遗传学和表观遗传学之间的联系还表现在癌症中存在异常代谢和生化途径，或者表观遗传因子的基因突变。已经清楚地表明，逆转这些表观遗传变化在各种形式的淋巴瘤和前白血病中有治疗价值，类似的结果也出现在实体瘤的治疗中。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了缺氧诱导的表观遗传变化的功能效应、癌症中的表观遗传改变以及它们如何促进肿瘤进展，以及它们与表观遗传治疗的相关性。
