Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi.
Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo.
Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2020 Apr 7;50(4):368-378. doi: 10.1093/jjco/hyaa014.
Colorectal cancer is a major public health concern in Japan. While early-stage colorectal adenocarcinoma treatment entails radical resection of the primary tumor, the importance of perioperative treatment is growing as physicians seek to further improve treatment outcomes. For anal squamous cell carcinoma, definitive chemoradiotherapy is superior to radical surgery in terms of improved patient quality of life. The Colorectal Cancer Study Group of the Japanese Clinical Oncology Group was established in 2001 and has worked to provide answers to common clinical questions and improve treatment outcomes for colorectal and anal cancers through 15 large-scale prospective clinical trials. Here, we discuss the current state of perioperative treatment for early-stage colon, rectal and anal cancers in Japan and approaches taken by the Colorectal Cancer Study Group/the Japanese Clinical Oncology Group to improve treatment outcomes for these cancers.
结直肠癌是日本面临的主要公共卫生问题之一。虽然早期结直肠腺癌的治疗需要对原发性肿瘤进行根治性切除，但随着医生寻求进一步提高治疗效果，围手术期治疗的重要性日益增加。对于肛门鳞状细胞癌，与根治性手术相比，确定性放化疗可改善患者的生活质量。日本临床肿瘤学会结直肠癌研究组成立于 2001 年，通过 15 项大型前瞻性临床试验，致力于回答常见的临床问题，并改善结直肠癌和肛门癌的治疗效果。在这里，我们讨论了日本早期结肠癌、直肠癌和肛门癌的围手术期治疗现状，以及结直肠癌研究组/日本临床肿瘤学会为提高这些癌症的治疗效果所采取的方法。
