Marcer Federica, Tosi Federica, Franzo Giovanni, Vetri Alessia, Ravagnan Silvia, Santoro Mario, Marchiori Erica
Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, Padova University, Legnaro, Italy.
National Reference Center for Fish, Molluscs and Crustacean Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy.
Front Vet Sci. 2020 Feb 14;7:64. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00064. eCollection 2020.
is a nematode parasite of sea turtles, widespread in neritic foraging grounds with variable prevalence, reaching 30% in loggerhead turtles feeding in northern Adriatic Sea. Ulcerative gastritis associated to high intensity of infection is reported in this host species. The life cycle of has been elucidated in Australian and American waters, demonstrating the ability of the species of infecting a wide range of intermediate hosts, represented by bivalve and gastropod molluscs. During regular sanitary inspections, nematode larvae were found within the adductor muscle of and collected from the Northern Adriatic Sea. Morphological and molecular analyses were performed for the identification of larvae, and molecular data were obtained from adult as well. Analysis of the sequences of ITS fragment, and mitochondrial genes 1 and 2, revealed high genetic similarity among all the samples, and no geographical clustering was observed between adult parasites collected in Adriatic and Tyrrhenian Seas. A common allele pool was detected also between the two developmental stages, included larvae from and . The comparison with other members of the family Anisakidae demonstrated that formed a clear monophyletic cluster. This study reports the first identification of intermediate hosts for within the Mediterranean Sea. Infection in edible scallops justifies the exclusion of the product from the market and zoonotic potential of larvae of this anisakid nematode are yet to be completely excluded. Fidelity of sea turtles to selected foraging grounds, such as the Northern Adriatic shelf, warrants the life cycle of to perpetrate in the area; at the same time, long distance migrations of individuals justify the dispersal of infecting elements over the Mediterranean basin, regardless of turtles' origin.
是海龟的一种线虫寄生虫，广泛分布于浅海觅食地，感染率各不相同，在亚得里亚海北部觅食的蠵龟中感染率达30%。据报道，该宿主物种存在与高强度感染相关的溃疡性胃炎。在澳大利亚和美国海域已阐明了其生命周期，表明该物种有能力感染多种中间宿主，以双壳类和腹足类软体动物为代表。在定期卫生检查期间，在从亚得里亚海北部采集的和的闭壳肌内发现了线虫幼虫。对幼虫进行了形态学和分子分析以进行鉴定，同时也从成虫中获得了分子数据。对ITS片段以及线粒体基因1和2的序列分析表明，所有样本之间具有高度的遗传相似性，并且在亚得里亚海和第勒尼安海采集的成虫寄生虫之间未观察到地理聚类现象。在两个发育阶段之间也检测到了一个共同的等位基因库，包括来自和的幼虫。与异尖科的其他成员进行比较表明，形成了一个明显的单系类群。本研究首次在地中海范围内鉴定出的中间宿主。食用扇贝中的感染情况证明应将该产品排除在市场之外，并且这种异尖线虫幼虫的人畜共患病潜力尚未完全排除。海龟对选定觅食地（如亚得里亚海北部陆架）的忠诚度保证了在该地区的生命周期得以延续；同时，个体的远距离迁徙也证明了感染因子在地中海盆地的扩散，而不论海龟的来源如何。
