APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Brain Behav Immun. 2020 Jul;87:666-678. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.02.013. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
Adolescence is a critical developmental period that is characterised by growth spurts and specific neurobiological, neuroimmune and behavioural changes. In tandem the gut microbiota, which is a key player in the regulation of health and disease, is shaped during this time period. Diet is one of the most important regulators of microbiota composition. Thus, we hypothesised that dietary disturbances of the microbiota during this critical time window result in long-lasting changes in immunity, brain and behaviour. C57BL/6 male mice were exposed to either high fat diet or cafeteria diet during the adolescent period from postnatal day 28 to 49 and were tested for anxiety-related and social behaviour in adulthood. Our results show long-lasting effects of dietary interventions during the adolescent period on microbiota composition and the expression of genes related to neuroinflammation or neurotransmission. Interestingly, changes in myelination-related gene expression in the prefrontal cortex following high fat diet exposure were also observed. However, these effects did not translate into overt behavioural changes in adulthood. Taken together, these data highlight the importance of diet-microbiota interactions during the adolescent period in shaping specific outputs of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in later life.
青春期是一个关键的发育阶段，其特点是生长突增和特定的神经生物学、神经免疫和行为变化。与此同时，肠道微生物群在这个时期形成，它是调节健康和疾病的关键因素。饮食是调节微生物群组成的最重要因素之一。因此，我们假设在这个关键的窗口期，饮食对微生物群的干扰会导致免疫、大脑和行为的持久变化。C57BL/6 雄性小鼠在青春期（从出生后第 28 天到第 49 天）接受高脂肪饮食或自助餐厅饮食暴露，成年后测试其与焦虑相关和社交行为。我们的研究结果表明，青春期饮食干预对微生物群组成和与神经炎症或神经传递相关的基因表达有持久的影响。有趣的是，高脂肪饮食暴露后前额叶皮层中髓鞘形成相关基因表达的变化也被观察到。然而，这些影响并没有转化为成年期明显的行为变化。总之，这些数据强调了青春期饮食-微生物群相互作用在塑造成年后微生物群-肠道-大脑轴特定输出方面的重要性。
