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零售市场上四个品牌的市售食用鸡蛋中的蛋白质和氨基酸含量与人体需求的关系。

Protein and Amino Acid Content in Four Brands of Commercial Table Eggs in Retail Markets in Relation to Human Requirements.

作者信息

Attia Youssef A, Al-Harthi Mohammed A, Korish Mohamed A, Shiboob Mohamed H

机构信息

Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Environmental Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Animals (Basel). 2020 Mar 1;10(3):406. doi: 10.3390/ani10030406.

Abstract

Considering the common believe that all eggs in the retail market are nutritionally similar, four different commercial sources of eggs (A, B, C, and D) available in a retail market were collected to investigate the crude protein and amino acid content, as well as the protein quality in the whole edible part of eggs (albumen + yolk), egg albumen, and egg yolk, separately. Five egg samples per source were collected four times during the experimental period, which resulted in a total number of 20 samples that were pooled to finally present five samples per source of eggs. The results show that crude protein in albumen was significantly higher in A and B than that of C and D, but the difference was found among edible parts of eggs such as yolk > whole edible part > albumen. Essential amino acids (arginine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, methionine + cysteine, phenylalanine, phenylalanine + tyrosine, threonine, and valine) of eggs significantly differed according to the source of eggs, but eggs from different sources could provide from 17.4-26.7% of recommended daily allowance (RDA) of amino acids for adults. Essential amino acids (EAAs) were higher ( 0.05) in eggs from sources A and B than in source D, while source C exhibited intermediate values. Source B had greater ( 0.05) non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) than did sources C and D in whole edible egg, while source A displayed intermediate values. The phenylalanine + tyrosine, histidine, and lysine were the 1, 2, and 3 limiting amino acids in all sources of eggs. In conclusion, the investigated eggs showed different EAAs/NEAAs ratio and antioxidant amino acids, indicating a potential for enhancing nutritional values and extending the shelf life of eggs by different nutritional additions.

摘要

考虑到零售市场上普遍认为所有鸡蛋在营养方面都相似,我们收集了零售市场上四种不同商业来源的鸡蛋(A、B、C和D),分别研究其粗蛋白和氨基酸含量,以及鸡蛋可食用部分(蛋白+蛋黄)、蛋清和蛋黄的蛋白质质量。在实验期间,每个来源收集5个鸡蛋样本,共收集4次,最终每个来源的鸡蛋汇总为5个样本。结果表明,A和B中蛋清的粗蛋白含量显著高于C和D,但在蛋黄>整个可食用部分>蛋清等鸡蛋可食用部分之间存在差异。鸡蛋的必需氨基酸(精氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸、苏氨酸和缬氨酸)因鸡蛋来源不同而有显著差异,但不同来源的鸡蛋可为成年人提供17.4-26.7%的每日氨基酸推荐摄入量(RDA)。A和B来源的鸡蛋中必需氨基酸(EAA)含量高于D来源,而C来源呈现中间值。在整个可食用鸡蛋中,B来源的非必需氨基酸(NEAA)含量高于C和D来源,而A来源呈现中间值。苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸、组氨酸和赖氨酸是所有鸡蛋来源中的第1、2和3限制氨基酸。总之,所研究的鸡蛋显示出不同的EAA/NEAA比例和抗氧化氨基酸,表明通过不同的营养添加有提高鸡蛋营养价值和延长保质期的潜力。

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