Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Centre, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 May 7;30(5):717-729. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.02.001. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
Results regarding the association between fish intake and risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) are ambiguous. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate whether there is an association between fish consumption and risk of MetS.
A comprehensive literature search was conducted of PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar up to August 2019. A random-effects model was used to pool the risk of MetS in the highest category of fish consumption compared with the lowest one. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on country of region, gender, dietary tool, MetS definition, energy adjustment and sample size. A dose-response of analysis of fish intake and risk of MetS was also conducted. Twelve studies with a total of 16 effect sizes (10 cross-sectional and six cohort) were included. An inverse association was observed between fish intake and risk of MetS in cohort (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.96; P = 0.017, I = 62.9%) but not cross-sectional studies (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70, 1.02; P = 0.085, I = 50.1%). Subgroup analysis suggested that the results were influenced by all the included variables but sample size. A significant non-linear association was observed between fish intake levels and risk of MetS (P-value for non-linearity = 0.010).
An inverse association existed between fish intake and risk of MetS when combining data from prospective cohort studies. Further studies are needed to confirm such an effect.
关于鱼类摄入量与代谢综合征（MetS）风险之间的关联，结果尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在评估鱼类消费与 MetS 风险之间是否存在关联。
对 PubMed、Embase、ScienceDirect 和 Google Scholar 进行了全面的文献检索，检索时间截至 2019 年 8 月。使用随机效应模型来汇总鱼类摄入量最高组与最低组相比 MetS 的风险。根据国家/地区、性别、饮食工具、MetS 定义、能量调整和样本量进行了亚组分析。还对鱼类摄入量与 MetS 风险的剂量-反应关系进行了分析。共纳入了 12 项研究，总计 16 个效应量（10 项横断面研究和 6 项队列研究）。队列研究中观察到鱼类摄入与 MetS 风险之间呈负相关（OR=0.80，95%CI：0.66，0.96；P=0.017，I=62.9%），但横断面研究中未见此相关性（OR=0.80，95%CI：0.70，1.02；P=0.085，I=50.1%）。亚组分析表明，结果受所有纳入变量的影响，但不受样本量的影响。观察到鱼类摄入量与 MetS 风险之间存在显著的非线性关联（非线性检验 P 值=0.010）。
结合前瞻性队列研究的数据，鱼类摄入量与 MetS 风险之间存在负相关。需要进一步的研究来证实这种关联。
