Universidade Federal do Piauí, Departamento de Medicina Especializada, Teresina, PI, Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Piauí, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Nathan Portella, Teresina, PI, Brasil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2020 Feb 21;53:e20190446. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0446-2019. eCollection 2020.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) represents a public health concern in several areas of the world. In the American continent, VL transmission is typically zoonotic, but humans with active VL caused by Leishmania infantum are able to infect sandflies. Thus, individuals with cutaneous parasitic infections may act as reservoirs and allow interhuman transmission. Additionally, the skin may be responsible for reactivation of the disease after therapy. This study's objective was to evaluate cutaneous parasitism in humans with VL in an American endemic area.
A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in northeast Brazil from October 2016 to April 2017. Biopsies of healthy skin for histopathology and immunohistochemistry were performed prior to treatment in all study patients.
Twenty-two patients between the ages of five months to 78 years were included in the study. Seven patients (31.8%) tested positive for HIV. Only one patient had cutaneous parasitism, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry prior to treatment. Parasitism was not detected after treatment.
Cutaneous parasitism in the healthy skin of humans with visceral leishmaniasis, although unusual, may be a source of infection for phlebotomine sandflies.
内脏利什曼病（VL）是世界上几个地区的公共卫生关注点。在美洲大陆，VL 传播通常是动物源性的，但患有由婴儿利什曼原虫引起的活动性 VL 的人类能够感染白蛉。因此，患有皮肤寄生虫感染的个体可能充当储存宿主并允许人际传播。此外，皮肤可能是治疗后疾病复发的原因。本研究的目的是评估在美洲流行地区患有 VL 的人类的皮肤寄生虫感染。
2016 年 10 月至 2017 年 4 月，在巴西东北部进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。所有研究患者在治疗前均进行了健康皮肤的活检以进行组织病理学和免疫组织化学检查。
研究共纳入 22 名年龄在 5 个月至 78 岁之间的患者。7 名患者（31.8%）HIV 检测呈阳性。仅有 1 名患者在治疗前通过免疫组织化学检查确认存在皮肤寄生虫感染。治疗后未检测到寄生虫感染。
尽管罕见，但内脏利什曼病患者健康皮肤中的皮肤寄生虫感染可能是白蛉的感染源。
