Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Centro Universitário La Salle, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
Escola de Fisioterapia, Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2020;42(3):271-277. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0547. Epub 2020 Feb 21.
The aim of this study was to understand the knowledge, beliefs, barriers, and behaviors of mental health professionals about physical activity and exercise for people with mental illness.
The Portuguese version of The Exercise in Mental Illness Questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, beliefs, barriers, and behaviors about exercise prescription for people with mental illness in a sample of 73 mental health professionals (68.5% women, mean age = 37.0 years) from 10 Psychosocial Care Units (Centros de Atenção Psicossocial) in Porto Alegre and Canoas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Most of respondents had received no formal training in exercise prescription. Exercise ranked fifth as the most important treatment, and most of the sample never or occasionally prescribed exercise. The most frequently reported barriers were lack of training in physical activity and exercise prescription and social stigma related to mental illness. Professionals who themselves met recommended physical activity levels found fewer barriers to prescribing physical activity and did so with greater frequency.
Exercise is underrated and underused as a treatment. It is necessary to include physical activity and exercise training in mental health curricula. Physically active professionals are more likely to prescribe exercise and are less likely to encounter barriers to doing so. Interventions to increase physical activity levels among mental health professionals are necessary to decrease barriers to and increase the prescription of physical activity and exercise for mental health patients.
本研究旨在了解精神健康专业人员对患有精神疾病的人群进行体力活动和运动的知识、信念、障碍和行为。
采用《精神疾病运动问卷》的葡萄牙语版本，对来自巴西南里奥格兰德州阿雷格里港和卡诺阿斯的 10 个心理社会护理单位（Centros de Atenção Psicossocial）的 73 名精神健康专业人员（68.5%为女性，平均年龄=37.0 岁）的运动处方知识、信念、障碍和行为进行评估。
大多数受访者没有接受过运动处方的正规培训。运动排名第五，是最重要的治疗方法之一，而大多数受访者从不或偶尔开运动处方。报告最多的障碍是缺乏体力活动和运动处方的培训以及与精神疾病相关的社会耻辱感。自身达到推荐体力活动水平的专业人员发现运动处方的障碍较少，并且更频繁地进行运动处方。
运动的治疗作用被低估和未充分利用。有必要将体力活动和运动训练纳入精神卫生课程中。积极运动的专业人员更有可能开运动处方，并且遇到的障碍也较少。需要对精神健康专业人员进行干预，以提高他们的体力活动水平，从而减少运动处方的障碍，并增加对精神健康患者的体力活动和运动处方。
