Heer Emily, Hackl Monika, Ferlitsch Monika, Waldhoer Thomas, Yang Lin
Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada.
Austrian National Cancer Registry, Statistics Austria, Vienna, Austria.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2020 Aug;132(15-16):438-443. doi: 10.1007/s00508-020-01622-z. Epub 2020 Mar 4.
Recent reports have noted increasing rates of anal cancer among high-income countries worldwide; however, little is known about these trends in Austria.
Data on anal cancer from 1983 to 2016 were obtained from Statistics Austria. All tumors (n = 3567) were classified into anal squamous cell carcinomas (ASCC), anal adenocarcinomas (AADC), and others (unspecified carcinoma and other specific carcinoma). Anal cancer incidence rates were calculated in 5‑year cycles and incidence average annual percentage change (AAPC) to evaluate trends by sex, histology and age group.
The incidence rate of anal cancer was higher among females than males (relative risk, RR = 1.66, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.55-1.79, p < 0.0001). From 1983 through 2016, incident anal cancer increased significantly (0.92 per 100,000 person-years to 1.85 per 100,000 person-years, AAPC = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.52 to 2.34, p < 0.0001), particularly among those 40-69 years old. From 1983 through 2016, the increasing anal cancer incidence was primarily driven by ASCC (0.47-1.20 per 100,000 person-years, AAPC = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.58 to 2.88, p < 0.0001) and others (other than ASCC and AADC, AAPC = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.01-2.55), yet stable in AADC (AAPC = 0.88, 95% CI: -0.48-2.25).
Despite being a rare cancer in Austria, the increase in anal cancer incidence rate from 1983 to 2016 was substantial, particularly in ASCC. The observed rising trends reflect the need to investigate associated risk factors that have increased over time to inform preventive measures.
近期报告指出，全球高收入国家的肛门癌发病率呈上升趋势；然而，奥地利的这些趋势鲜为人知。
1983年至2016年的肛门癌数据来自奥地利统计局。所有肿瘤（n = 3567）分为肛门鳞状细胞癌（ASCC）、肛门腺癌（AADC）和其他类型（未明确的癌和其他特定癌）。肛门癌发病率按5年周期计算，并计算发病率年均变化百分比（AAPC）以评估性别、组织学和年龄组的趋势。
女性肛门癌发病率高于男性（相对风险，RR = 1.66，95%置信区间，CI：1.55 - 1.79，p < 0.0001）。从1983年到2016年，肛门癌发病率显著上升（从每10万人年0.92例增至每10万人年1.85例，AAPC = 1.93，95% CI：1.52至2.34，p < 0.0001），特别是在40 - 69岁人群中。从1983年到2016年，肛门癌发病率上升主要由ASCC（从每10万人年0.47例增至1.20例，AAPC = 2.23，95% CI：1.58至2.88，p < 0.0001）和其他类型（非ASCC和AADC，AAPC = 1.78，95% CI：1.01 - 2.55）推动，而AADC发病率稳定（AAPC = 0.88，95% CI： - 0.48 - 2.25）。
尽管肛门癌在奥地利是一种罕见癌症，但1983年至2016年其发病率仍大幅上升，尤其是ASCC。观察到的上升趋势反映出有必要调查随时间增加的相关风险因素，为预防措施提供依据。
