Mears Meghann, Brindley Paul, Baxter Ian, Maheswaran Ravi, Jorgensen Anna
Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Performance & Intelligence Team, Policy, Performance & Communications, Sheffield, UK.
Pediatr Obes. 2020 Jul;15(7):e12629. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12629. Epub 2020 Mar 4.
One cause of childhood obesity is a reduction in the amount of unstructured time spent outdoors, resulting in less physical activity. Greenspaces have the potential to increase children's physical activity levels, so it is desirable to understand how to create spaces that promote visitation and activity.
We investigate the relationship between rates of obesity at ages 4 to 5 and 10 to 11 in small-area census geographies, and indicators of the neighbourhood greenspace environment, in the northern English city of Sheffield.
To capture the environment at scales relevant to children, we test the importance of overall green cover; garden size; tree density around residential addresses; and accessibility within 300 m of any greenspace, greenspaces that meet quality criteria, and greenspaces with play facilities. We use a multimodel inference approach to improve robustness.
The density of trees around addresses is significant at both ages, indicating the importance of the greenspace environment in the immediate vicinity of houses. For 10 to 11 year olds, accessibility of greenspaces meeting quality criteria is also significant, highlighting that the wider environment becomes important with age and independence.
More attention should be given to children's requirements of greenspace when considering interventions to increase physical activity or planning new residential areas.
儿童肥胖的一个原因是户外活动的无组织时间减少，导致身体活动减少。绿地有潜力提高儿童的身体活动水平，因此有必要了解如何创造能促进人们前往并开展活动的空间。
我们在英国北部城市谢菲尔德，调查小区域人口普查地理区域中4至5岁和10至11岁儿童的肥胖率与邻里绿地环境指标之间的关系。
为了在与儿童相关的尺度上描述环境，我们检验了总体绿色覆盖率、花园大小、住宅地址周围的树木密度，以及距离任何绿地、符合质量标准的绿地和设有游乐设施的绿地300米范围内的可达性的重要性。我们采用多模型推理方法来提高稳健性。
两个年龄段住宅地址周围的树木密度均具有显著意义，表明房屋附近绿地环境的重要性。对于10至11岁的儿童，符合质量标准的绿地的可达性也具有显著意义，这突出表明随着年龄增长和独立性增强，更广阔的环境变得重要起来。
在考虑增加身体活动的干预措施或规划新的住宅区时，应更多地关注儿童对绿地的需求。
