Szymona-Pałkowska Katarzyna, Adamczuk Jolanta, Sapalska Marta, Gorbaniuk Oleg, Robak Jacek M, Kraczkowski Janusz J
Department of Clinical Psychology, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland.
SP ZOZ Nałęczów Clinic, Nałęczów, Poland.
Prz Menopauzalny. 2019 Dec;18(4):210-216. doi: 10.5114/pm.2019.93119. Epub 2020 Jan 15.
Menopause is the last natural menstruation, followed by a period of 12 months during which no bleeding occurs (WHO). This natural process results from the phasing out of the physiological activity of the ovaries and involves numerous psychological and somatic disturbances. Although perimenopausal ailments are experienced by most women, the correlation between their perception of the bodies and biopsychosocial functioning in the climacteric period is not fully understood. The aim of the study was to determine whether women's body image varies depending on the period of their reproductive life.
113 women aged 25-60 were examined (both menopausal and postmenopausal) with the control group comprising 58 women. The following scales were used: the Appearance-Related Picture Self-Appraisal Form and the Appearance Self-Appraisal Scale.
The study demonstrated statistically significant differences between the groups on 7 scales and the overall score. It can be said that postmenopausal women, whose ovarian activity has nearly ceased, in comparison with those in the premenopausal and menopausal groups attribute lower importance to the following areas of the body: eyes, nose, mouth, stomach, buttocks, thighs, and calves. The mean values of satisfaction in the three groups under comparison were not statistically different.
The subjects of the postmenopausal group attribute lower importance to different body areas, deriving greater satisfaction from their own bodies.
绝经是最后一次自然月经，随后是连续12个月无出血的时期（世界卫生组织）。这个自然过程是由于卵巢生理活动的逐步停止导致的，并且涉及众多心理和躯体方面的紊乱。尽管大多数女性都会经历围绝经期疾病，但她们在更年期对身体的认知与生物心理社会功能之间的关联尚未完全明确。本研究的目的是确定女性的身体形象是否会因生殖生活阶段的不同而有所变化。
对113名年龄在25至60岁之间的女性（包括绝经和绝经后女性）进行了检查，对照组包括58名女性。使用了以下量表：外貌相关图片自评表和外貌自评量表。
研究表明，两组在7个量表及总分上存在统计学显著差异。可以说，与绝经前和围绝经期组的女性相比，卵巢活动几乎停止的绝经后女性对身体以下部位的重视程度较低：眼睛、鼻子、嘴巴、腹部、臀部、大腿和小腿。所比较的三组的满意度平均值在统计学上无差异。
绝经后组的受试者对身体不同部位的重视程度较低，对自身身体的满意度更高。
