Global Fisheries Cluster, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries & School of Public Policy and Global Affairs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Sea Around Us-Indian Ocean, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Sci Adv. 2020 Feb 26;6(9):eaaz3801. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz3801. eCollection 2020 Feb.
Illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing is widespread; it is therefore likely that illicit trade in marine fish catch is also common worldwide. We combine ecological-economic databases to estimate the magnitude of illicit trade in marine fish catch and its impacts on people. Globally, between 8 and 14 million metric tons of unreported catches are potentially traded illicitly yearly, suggesting gross revenues of US$9 to US$17 billion associated with these catches. Estimated loss in annual economic impact due to the diversion of fish from the legitimate trade system is US$26 to US$50 billion, while losses to countries' tax revenues are between US$2 and US$4 billion. Country-by-country estimates of these losses are provided in the Supplementary Materials. We find substantial likely economic effects of illicit trade in marine fish catch, suggesting that bold policies and actions by both public and private actors are needed to curb this illicit trade.
非法、无管制和未报告的捕捞活动广泛存在；因此，全球范围内海洋鱼类非法贸易很可能也很常见。我们结合生态经济数据库来估计海洋鱼类非法捕捞的规模及其对人类的影响。全球范围内，每年可能有 800 万至 1400 万吨未报告的捕捞量被非法交易，这些捕捞量的相关总收入为 90 亿至 170 亿美元。由于鱼类从合法贸易系统中转移而导致的年度经济影响损失估计为 260 亿至 500 亿美元，而各国税收损失在 20 亿至 40 亿美元之间。这些损失的国家间估计数在补充材料中提供。我们发现海洋鱼类非法贸易可能会产生重大的经济影响，这表明需要公共和私营部门采取大胆的政策和行动来遏制这种非法贸易。
