School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2020 Jul 13;59(29):11717-11731. doi: 10.1002/anie.202001783. Epub 2020 Apr 1.
Optical imaging plays a crucial role in biomedicine. However, due to strong light scattering and autofluorescence in biological tissue between 650-900 nm, conventional optical imaging often has a poor signal-to-background ratio and shallow penetration depth, which limits its ability in deep-tissue in vivo imaging. Second near-infrared fluorescence, chemiluminescence, and photoacoustic imaging modalities mitigate these issues by their respective advantages of minimized light scattering, eliminated external excitation, and ultrasound detection. To enable disease detection, activatable molecular probes (AMPs) with the ability to change their second near-infrared fluorescence, chemiluminescence, or photoacoustic signals in response to a biomarker have been developed. This Minireview summarizes the molecular design strategies, sensing mechanisms, and imaging applications of AMPs. The potential challenges and perspectives of AMPs in deep-tissue imaging are also discussed.
光学成像是生物医学中至关重要的一环。然而，由于在 650-900nm 生物组织中存在强烈的光散射和自发荧光，传统的光学成像通常具有较差的信噪比和较浅的穿透深度，这限制了其在深层组织体内成像的能力。第二近红外荧光、化学发光和光声成象模式通过各自最小化光散射、消除外部激发和超声检测的优势来缓解这些问题。为了实现疾病检测，已经开发出了具有响应生物标志物改变其二近红外荧光、化学发光或光声信号能力的可激活分子探针 (AMPs)。这篇综述总结了 AMPs 的分子设计策略、传感机制和成像应用。还讨论了 AMPs 在深层组织成像中的潜在挑战和前景。
