Nieman David C, Groen Arnoud J, Pugachev Artyom, Simonson Andrew J, Polley Kristine, James Karma, El-Khodor Bassem F, Varadharaj Saradhadevi, Hernández-Armenta Claudia
North Carolina Research Campus, Appalachian State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
ProteiQ Biosciences GmbH, 10967 Berlin, Germany.
Proteomes. 2020 Mar 3;8(1):4. doi: 10.3390/proteomes8010004.
Proteomics monitoring of an elite adventure athlete (age 33 years) was conducted over a 28-week period that culminated in the successful, solo, unassisted, and unsupported two month trek across the Antarctica (1500 km). Training distress was monitored weekly using a 19-item, validated training distress scale (TDS). Weekly dried blood spot (DBS) specimens were collected via fingerprick blood drops onto standard blood spot cards. DBS proteins were measured with nano-electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS) in data-independent acquisition (DIA) mode, and 712 proteins were identified and quantified. The 28-week period was divided into time segments based on TDS scores, and a contrast analysis between weeks five and eight (low TDS) and between weeks 20 and 23 (high TDS, last month of Antarctica trek) showed that 31 proteins ( = 20 immune related) were upregulated and 35 ( = 17 immune related) were downregulated. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks supported a dichotomous immune response. Gene ontology (GO) biological process terms for the upregulated immune proteins showed an increase in regulation of the immune system process, especially inflammation, complement activation, and leukocyte mediated immunity. At the same time, GO terms for the downregulated immune-related proteins indicated a decrease in several aspects of the overall immune system process including neutrophil degranulation and the antimicrobial humoral response. These proteomics data support a dysfunctional immune response in an elite adventure athlete during a sustained period of mental and physical distress while trekking solo across the Antarctica.
对一名精英冒险运动员（33岁）进行了为期28周的蛋白质组学监测，该阶段以其成功、独自、无协助且无支持地完成为期两个月的南极徒步旅行（1500公里）而告终。每周使用一个经过验证的包含19个条目的训练应激量表（TDS）来监测训练应激情况。通过手指采血将血滴到标准血斑卡上，每周收集干血斑（DBS）样本。采用纳升电喷雾电离液相色谱串联质谱法（nanoLC-MS/MS）在数据非依赖采集（DIA）模式下测定DBS中的蛋白质，共鉴定和定量了712种蛋白质。根据TDS评分将28周的时间段划分为不同的时间段，对第5周和第8周（低TDS）以及第20周和第23周（高TDS，南极徒步旅行的最后一个月）进行对比分析，结果显示31种蛋白质（其中20种与免疫相关）上调，35种蛋白质（其中17种与免疫相关）下调。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络支持二分免疫反应。上调的免疫蛋白质的基因本体（GO）生物学过程术语显示免疫系统过程的调节增加，特别是炎症、补体激活和白细胞介导的免疫。与此同时，下调的免疫相关蛋白质的GO术语表明整个免疫系统过程的几个方面有所下降，包括中性粒细胞脱颗粒和抗微生物体液反应。这些蛋白质组学数据支持一名精英冒险运动员在独自穿越南极的持续身心应激期间存在免疫反应功能障碍。
