Suwanwongse Kulachanya, Shabarek Nehad
Internal Medicine, Lincoln Medical Center, New York City, USA.
Cureus. 2020 Jan 28;12(1):e6799. doi: 10.7759/cureus.6799.
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is one of the most common causes of respiratory failure in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, for which the mortality rate is approximately 10%. Spontaneous pneumothorax as a presentation of PJP has been reported with rising frequency, but tension pneumothorax as a presentation of PJP is rare. We reported a case of a middle-aged male with HIV infection who presented to our hospital with acute worsening shortness of breath and was later diagnosed with tension pneumothorax due to PJP. Physicians should suspect pneumothorax in patients with a clinical presentation of PJP who show rapid progressive respiratory deterioration.
耶氏肺孢子菌肺炎（PJP）是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者呼吸衰竭最常见的病因之一，其死亡率约为10%。PJP表现为自发性气胸的报道频率不断上升，但PJP表现为张力性气胸的情况较为罕见。我们报告了一例中年男性HIV感染患者，该患者因急性加重的气短前来我院就诊，后来被诊断为PJP所致的张力性气胸。对于临床表现为PJP且出现快速进行性呼吸恶化的患者，医生应怀疑气胸。
