Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
Dig Dis Sci. 2021 Feb;66(2):359-368. doi: 10.1007/s10620-020-06183-9. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
Pancreatic cancer is a tumor with a high degree of malignancy, morbidity, and mortality. Immunotherapy is another important treatment for pancreatic cancer in addition to surgery and chemotherapy, but its application in pancreatic cancer is very limited, which is related to the unique biological behavior of pancreatic cancer and the tumor microenvironment. The immunosuppressive microenvironment of pancreatic cancer is highly heterogeneous and presents challenges for immunotherapy. The transformation of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment contributes to the response to tumor immunotherapy, such that the tumor undergoes functional reprogramming to change from immunologically "cold" to immunologically "hot." In this review, we summarized the research and progress in immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, adoptive T cell therapy, oncolytic viruses, and immunomodulators, and suggest that individualized, combination, and precise therapy should be the main direction of future immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer.
胰腺癌是一种高度恶性、高发病率和高死亡率的肿瘤。免疫疗法是继手术和化疗之外治疗胰腺癌的另一种重要手段，但在胰腺癌中的应用非常有限，这与胰腺癌独特的生物学行为和肿瘤微环境有关。胰腺癌的免疫抑制微环境高度异质性，给免疫治疗带来挑战。肿瘤免疫抑制微环境的转化有助于肿瘤对免疫治疗的反应，使肿瘤发生功能重编程，从免疫“冷”肿瘤转变为免疫“热”肿瘤。本综述总结了胰腺癌免疫治疗的研究进展，包括免疫检查点抑制剂、疫苗、过继性 T 细胞治疗、溶瘤病毒和免疫调节剂，并提出个体化、联合和精准治疗应是未来胰腺癌免疫治疗的主要方向。
