Department of Medical Immunology, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yanan, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 May 2;15:1383978. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1383978. eCollection 2024.
Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignant tumor, that is becoming increasingly common in recent years. Despite advances in intensive treatment modalities including surgery, radiotherapy, biological therapy, and targeted therapy, the overall survival rate has not significantly improved in patients with pancreatic cancer. This may be attributed to the insidious onset, unknown pathophysiology, and poor prognosis of the disease. It is therefore essential to identify and develop more effective and safer treatments for pancreatic cancer. Tumor immunotherapy is the new and fourth pillar of anti-tumor therapy after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Significant progress has made in the use of immunotherapy for a wide variety of malignant tumors in recent years; a breakthrough has also been made in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. This review describes the advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, oncolytic virus, and matrix-depletion therapies for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. At the same time, some new potential biomarkers and potential immunotherapy combinations for pancreatic cancer are discussed. The molecular mechanisms of various immunotherapies have also been elucidated, and their clinical applications have been highlighted. The current challenges associated with immunotherapy and proposed strategies that hold promise in overcoming these limitations have also been discussed, with the aim of offering new insights into immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer.
胰腺癌是一种高度侵袭性的恶性肿瘤，近年来发病率越来越高。尽管手术、放疗、生物治疗和靶向治疗等强化治疗方式不断进步，但胰腺癌患者的总体生存率并未显著改善。这可能归因于该疾病隐匿的发病机制、未知的病理生理学和不良的预后。因此，有必要寻找并开发更有效、更安全的胰腺癌治疗方法。肿瘤免疫治疗是继手术、放疗和化疗之后的第四种抗肿瘤治疗新方法。近年来，免疫疗法在多种恶性肿瘤中的应用取得了显著进展，在胰腺癌的治疗方面也取得了突破。本文描述了免疫检查点抑制剂、癌症疫苗、过继细胞治疗、溶瘤病毒和基质耗竭疗法在胰腺癌治疗中的进展。同时，还讨论了一些新的潜在生物标志物和潜在的胰腺癌免疫治疗组合。还阐明了各种免疫疗法的分子机制，并强调了它们的临床应用。讨论了免疫治疗面临的当前挑战和有希望克服这些限制的策略，以期为胰腺癌的免疫治疗提供新的见解。
