Montirosso Rosario, McGlone Francis
0-3 Center for the at-Risk Infant, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini (Lecco), Italy.
School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, LiverpoolJohn Moores University, Liverpool, UK; Institute of Psychology Health & Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Jun;113:77-87. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.003. Epub 2020 Mar 4.
During infancy relational experiences of body-to-body exchanges (i.e., embodied interactions) contribute to the infant's bodily perception. Early embodied interactions are based on countless multimodal reciprocal exchanges, in which mother and infant contribute to interpersonal rhythmic cycles of co-regulation (i.e., attunement). However, it remains unclear how infants and their mothers actually accomplish attunement in their exchanges. Interactions between mothers and their infants typically fluctuate between attuned and misattuned states and recovery attunement states by a process called 'reparation'. Here, we discuss recent neuroscientific evidence that provides insight into the mechanisms underpinning the concepts of attunement and misattunement in early embodied interactions. We propose that a process of embodied reparation might be achieved within the dyad through tactile contact behaviors (e.g., skin-to-skin, affectionate touch) and maternal interoceptive sensitivity (i.e., ability to perceive internal input about the state of one's own body). We describe how these elements that mothers provide during embodied interactions with their infants, might contribute not only to bodily attunement, but also to co-create the infant bodily-self.
在婴儿期，身体与身体之间的互动体验（即具身互动）有助于婴儿的身体感知。早期的具身互动基于无数的多模态相互交流，其中母亲和婴儿共同参与人际间的共同调节节奏循环（即协调）。然而，目前尚不清楚婴儿及其母亲在交流中究竟是如何实现协调的。母亲与婴儿之间的互动通常会在协调、失调以及通过一个名为“修复”的过程恢复协调的状态之间波动。在此，我们讨论最近的神经科学证据，这些证据为早期具身互动中协调和失调概念背后的机制提供了见解。我们提出，具身修复过程可能通过触觉接触行为（如肌肤相亲、深情抚摸）和母亲的内感受性敏感性（即感知自身身体状态内部输入的能力）在二元组内实现。我们描述了母亲在与婴儿的具身互动过程中提供的这些要素，不仅可能有助于身体协调，还可能共同塑造婴儿的身体自我。
