Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut de Recerca Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
Clin Nutr. 2020 Nov;39(11):3377-3384. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.02.027. Epub 2020 Feb 27.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Circulating microvesicles (cMV) are small phospholipid-rich vesicles that contribute to the atherothrombotic process, and are biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden and progression. Diet is a cornerstone for CVD prevention, but dietary effects on cMV shedding are poorly characterized. We aimed at assessing the long term effects of a Mediterranean diet compared to a low-fat diet (LFD) on MV shedding by cells of the blood and vascular compartments in patients at high cardiovascular risk treated as per guidelines.
A total of 155 participants from the PREDIMED trial free of cardiovascular events after a mean follow-up of 5 years (n = 53 from the Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil -EVOO-; n = 49 from the Mediterranean diet supplemented with mixed nuts -Nuts-; and n = 53 from the LFD) were included in the study. At baseline and after one-year intervention, cMV were quantified and characterized by flow cytometry to identify their activated parental cell origin and prothrombotic potential by Annexin V (AV) binding.
After one year of dietary intervention, platelet-derived PAC-1/AV and CD62P/AV cMV concentrations were lower in the Nuts group compared with the LFD and EVOO interventions (P = 0.036 and 0.003, respectively). In addition, prothrombotic cMV carrying tissue factor (CD142/AV) and CD11a/AV cMV derived from activated cells, were significantly lower in both Mediterranean diet (EVOO and Nuts) interventions compared to one year of LFD (P < 0.0001 and 0.028, respectively). SMAα/AV cMV were lower in the LFD compared to the Nuts group after one year of intervention (P = 0.038).
cMV are markers of cell activation and vascular injury that appear to be sensitive to dietary changes. Following a Mediterranean diet rich in EVOO or nuts is associated with lower cell activation towards a pro-atherothrombotic phenotype, suggesting a delay in the development of CV complications.
循环微泡（cMV）是富含磷脂的小泡，有助于动脉血栓形成过程，是心血管疾病（CVD）负担和进展的生物标志物。饮食是 CVD 预防的基石，但饮食对 cMV 释放的影响尚未得到充分描述。我们旨在评估与低脂饮食（LFD）相比，地中海饮食对高心血管风险患者的血液和血管细胞 MV 释放的长期影响，这些患者是根据指南进行治疗的。
共有 155 名来自 PREDIMED 试验的参与者在平均 5 年的随访后（地中海饮食补充特级初榨橄榄油 -EVOO-的 53 名参与者[n = 53]，地中海饮食补充混合坚果 -Nuts-的 49 名参与者[n = 49]，以及接受 LFD 的 53 名参与者[n = 53]）无心血管事件。在基线和一年干预后，通过流式细胞术定量和表征 cMV，通过 Annexin V（AV）结合来鉴定其激活的亲本细胞起源和促血栓形成潜能。
在一年的饮食干预后，与 LFD 和 EVOO 干预相比，坚果组血小板衍生的 PAC-1/AV 和 CD62P/AV cMV 浓度较低（P = 0.036 和 0.003）。此外，两种地中海饮食（EVOO 和 Nuts）干预与一年 LFD 相比，携带组织因子（CD142/AV）和 CD11a/AV cMV 的促血栓形成 cMV 明显降低（均 P < 0.0001 和 0.028）。在一年的干预后，LFD 组的 SMAα/AV cMV 低于 Nuts 组（P = 0.038）。
cMV 是细胞激活和血管损伤的标志物，似乎对饮食变化敏感。富含 EVOO 或坚果的地中海饮食与较低的细胞激活相关，呈促动脉血栓形成表型，表明 CV 并发症的发展延迟。
