Yuan Bing-Yu, Gao Jian-Hua, Chi Yuan, Zha Bian, Gong Zhao-Hui
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210024, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2022 Feb;33(2):489-499. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202202.016.
Coastal zone ecosystems in Jiangsu have produced different degrees of spatial response and degradation characteristics under complex external disturbances, especially significant spatiotemporal evolution of landscape pattern in recent decades. It is urgent to carry out comprehensive assessment on landscape ecology covering landscape composition, configuration, and function at multiple scales. We analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of landscape ecological condition index (LECI) in large-scale coastal zone of Jiangsu Province from 1990 to 2020, assessed landscape ecological conditions of 14 county-level districts, and selected evaluation units with side lengths of 100, 200,…, 1000 m to understand the spatial scale effects of LECI. The results showed that the indicators of landscape composition, configuration and function could sensitively reflect the changes of LECI, which could comprehensively evaluate landscape ecological condition of Jiangsu coastal zone during the study period, with 300 m evaluation unit being the best spatial scale. The LECI value in the study area fluctuated. Landscape ecological condition was the best in 1990 and the worst in 2020. Landscape composition and configuration had a greater impacts on the changes of landscape ecological condition. The fluctuation of LECI in different counties and cities was closely related to intense human activities. Human activities, such as industrial development and urban expansion, had damaged landscape ecological status. The establishment of nature reserves had restored landscape ecological status to a certain extent. LECI could effectively indicate the changes of landscape ecological status of large-scale coastal zone, and provide multi-perspective suggestions for space utilization and protection.
江苏沿海地区生态系统在复杂的外部干扰下产生了不同程度的空间响应和退化特征，近几十年来景观格局时空演变尤为显著。开展涵盖景观组成、格局和功能的多尺度景观生态综合评估迫在眉睫。我们分析了1990年至2020年江苏省大规模沿海地区景观生态状况指数（LECI）的时空变化，评估了14个县级行政区的景观生态状况，并选取边长为100、200…1000米的评价单元，以了解LECI的空间尺度效应。结果表明，景观组成、格局和功能指标能敏感反映LECI变化，可综合评价研究时段内江苏沿海地区的景观生态状况，其中300米评价单元为最佳空间尺度。研究区LECI值波动变化，景观生态状况1990年最佳，2020年最差。景观组成和格局对景观生态状况变化影响较大。不同县市LECI波动与人类活动强烈相关，工业发展、城市扩张等人类活动破坏了景观生态状况，自然保护区的设立在一定程度上恢复了景观生态状况。LECI能有效指示大规模沿海地区景观生态状况变化，为空间利用与保护提供多视角建议。
