Mukai Yoko, Torii Mana, Urushibara Yu, Kawai Tomomi, Takahashi Yasuharu, Maeda Nobuko, Ohkubo Chikahiro, Ohshima Tomoko
Department of Oral Microbiology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan.
Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
J Oral Biosci. 2020 Jun;62(2):182-188. doi: 10.1016/j.job.2020.02.003. Epub 2020 Mar 6.
Plaque causes oral diseases and aspiration-pneumonia in the elderly. It is not known whether pellicle-like attached salivary proteins and microbiota on dental materials are identical to those on teeth. The purpose of this study was to determine the properties of salivary proteins and microbiota that attach to dental materials.
Eight subjects wore removable oral splints with pieces of pure-titanium, cobalt-chromium alloy, silver-palladium-copper-gold-alloy, denture-base-resin, and hydroxyapatite for 24 h. The bacteria that adhered to each material were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing simultaneously. Each material sample was then immersed in pooled saliva, and the attached proteins were collected. Salivary proteins were analyzed using MALDI-TOF/MS, and high molecular weight proteins were identified using peptide mass fingerprinting.
Among the dental materials, the α- and β-diversity of adherent flora were similar. The bacterial species that adhered easily to materials were Streptococcus sp. oral taxon 058, Neisseria mucosa, Gemella haemolysans, and Rothia dentocariosa. Regardless of material, the peaks or spots of attached salivary proteins had similar patterns, containing functioning proteins such as anchoring receptors for early colonizers.
There were no significant differences in microbiota and protein adherence in hydroxyapatite compared to the dental materials. Therefore, similar microbiota was determined to have formed on the similar pellicle-like proteins. In our study, the characteristics of plaque adhesion on both hydroxyapatite and dental materials were clarified. Based on this study, the creation of new methods of inhibiting plaque adhesion to prevent aspiration-pneumonia and oral infections can be undertaken.
牙菌斑会引发老年人的口腔疾病和吸入性肺炎。目前尚不清楚牙科材料上类似薄膜的附着唾液蛋白和微生物群是否与牙齿上的相同。本研究的目的是确定附着在牙科材料上的唾液蛋白和微生物群的特性。
8名受试者佩戴含有纯钛、钴铬合金、银钯铜金合金、义齿基托树脂和羟基磷灰石片的可摘口腔夹板24小时。同时使用16S rRNA测序分析附着在每种材料上的细菌。然后将每个材料样本浸入混合唾液中，收集附着的蛋白质。使用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF/MS）分析唾液蛋白，并使用肽质量指纹图谱鉴定高分子量蛋白。
在牙科材料中，附着菌群的α和β多样性相似。容易附着在材料上的细菌种类有口腔链球菌属口腔分类群058、粘膜奈瑟菌、溶血孪生球菌和龋齿罗氏菌。无论材料如何，附着唾液蛋白的峰或斑点都有相似的模式，包含早期定植菌的锚定受体等功能蛋白。
与牙科材料相比，羟基磷灰石在微生物群和蛋白质附着方面没有显著差异。因此，确定在类似的薄膜样蛋白质上形成了相似的微生物群。在我们的研究中，阐明了羟基磷灰石和牙科材料上菌斑附着的特征。基于这项研究，可以开展抑制菌斑附着以预防吸入性肺炎和口腔感染的新方法的研究。
