Agri-omics & Bioinformatics Programme, Biotechnology & Nanotechnology Research Centre, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400, MARDI, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2020 Jun;75(2):243-251. doi: 10.1007/s11130-020-00805-3.
Gynura procumbens and Cleome gynandra are two herbs commonly used in Malaysia to treat various ailments and are also consumed as salads (ulam) and vegetables. The present study aims to evaluate the relationship between the chemical compositions of both herbs and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics approach, which is being reported for the first time. Different ethanolic extracts of both herbs were tested for DPPH scavenging and inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) via RAW 264.7 macrophage cell induction. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a good separation between the extracts and the corresponding metabolites identified via H NMR spectroscopy. The 100% ethanolic extract from both herbs and 20% ethanolic extract of C. gynandra were found to have the best antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Kaempferol, quercetin, caffeoylquinic, dicaffeoylquinic acids, gallic acid, mallic acid, citric acid, phenylalanine, and choline are among the metabolites that contributed to bioactivities. The partial least square (PLS) model for both herbs have an overall acceptable goodness of fit and predictive power, which further strengthens the validity of this study. The present study provides a preliminary reference for the selection of optimum extract and will shed some light on the potential use of G. procumbens and C. gynandra as a phytomedicinal preparation.
菊三七和白花菜是马来西亚常用的两种草药，用于治疗各种疾病，也被用作沙拉（乌梁）和蔬菜。本研究旨在利用核磁共振（NMR）代谢组学方法评估这两种草药的化学成分与其抗氧化和抗炎特性之间的关系，这是首次报道。对两种草药的不同乙醇提取物进行了 DPPH 清除和 RAW 264.7 巨噬细胞诱导抑制一氧化氮（NO）的测试。主成分分析（PCA）显示提取物与通过 1 H NMR 光谱鉴定的相应代谢物之间的良好分离。发现两种草药的 100%乙醇提取物和 C. gynandra 的 20%乙醇提取物具有最佳的抗氧化和抗炎活性。山奈酚、槲皮素、咖啡酰奎宁酸、二咖啡酰奎宁酸、没食子酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苯丙氨酸和胆碱是具有生物活性的代谢物之一。两种草药的偏最小二乘（PLS）模型具有整体可接受的拟合优度和预测能力，这进一步加强了本研究的有效性。本研究为选择最佳提取物提供了初步参考，并为菊三七和白花菜作为植物药制剂的潜在用途提供了一些启示。
