Carmona-Ribeiro Ana Maria
Biocolloids Laboratory, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Methods Mol Biol. 2020;2118:45-60. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0319-2_4.
Biomimetic nanoparticles are hybrid nanostructures in which the uppermost layer is similar to a cell membrane. In these nanoparticles, lipids and biopolymers can be organized to improve drug incorporation and delivery. This report provides instructions for the preparation and physical characterization of four different biomimetic nanoparticles: (1) polystyrene sulphate (PSS) nanoparticles covered with one cationic dioctadecyl dimethylammonium bromide bilayer (DODAB), which incorporates dimeric channels of the antimicrobial peptide Gramicidin D; (2) silica nanoparticles covered with one single bilayer of the antimicrobial cationic lipid DODAB; (3) hybrid lipid/polymer indomethacin (IND) nanoparticles from injection of IND/DODAB ethanolic solution in a water solution of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC); (4) bactericidal and fungicidal nanoparticles from DODAB bilayer fragments (BF) covered consecutively by a CMC and a poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA) layer. These examples provide the basis for the preparation and characterization of novel biomimetic nanoparticles with lipids and/or biopolymers in their composition. The polymers and lipids in the hybrid nanoparticle composition may impart stability and/or bioactivity and/or provide adequate microenvironments for carrying bioactive drugs and biomolecules.
仿生纳米颗粒是一种杂化纳米结构，其最外层类似于细胞膜。在这些纳米颗粒中，脂质和生物聚合物可以进行组织排列，以改善药物的掺入和递送。本报告提供了四种不同仿生纳米颗粒的制备方法及物理特性说明：（1）覆盖有一层阳离子二辛基二甲基溴化铵双层（DODAB）的聚苯乙烯硫酸盐（PSS）纳米颗粒，其包含抗菌肽短杆菌肽D的二聚体通道；（2）覆盖有一层抗菌阳离子脂质DODAB单层的二氧化硅纳米颗粒；（3）通过将吲哚美辛（IND）/DODAB乙醇溶液注入羧甲基纤维素（CMC）水溶液中制备的脂质/聚合物杂化吲哚美辛（IND）纳米颗粒；（4）由DODAB双层片段（BF）依次覆盖CMC层和聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵（PDDA）层形成的杀菌和杀真菌纳米颗粒。这些实例为制备和表征组成中含有脂质和/或生物聚合物的新型仿生纳米颗粒提供了基础。杂化纳米颗粒组成中的聚合物和脂质可赋予稳定性和/或生物活性，和/或为携带生物活性药物和生物分子提供适宜的微环境。
